Short-term oral toxicity of a 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene and hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine mixture in mice, rats, and dogs
| Autor: | James V. Dilley, Charles A. Tyson, Jack C. Dacre, Ronald J. Spanggord, Daniel P. Sasmore, Gordon W. Newell |
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| Rok vydání: | 1982 |
| Předmět: |
Male
medicine.medical_specialty Anemia Uterus Biology Toxicology Median lethal dose Waste Disposal Fluid Transaminase Lethal Dose 50 chemistry.chemical_compound Mice Atrophy Dogs Species Specificity Internal medicine medicine Animals Water Pollutants Cholesterol Triazines Body Weight Rats Inbred Strains Organ Size medicine.disease Pollution Rats medicine.anatomical_structure Endocrinology Blood chemistry Uric acid Female Water Pollutants Chemical Waste disposal Trinitrotoluene |
| Zdroj: | Journal of toxicology and environmental health. 9(4) |
| ISSN: | 0098-4108 |
| Popis: | The oral toxicity of a mixture of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene and hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (1:0.62, w/w) compounds typically found in munitions plant effluents, was evaluated in mammalian species. Single-dose oral LD50s of the mixture were 574 and 594 mg/kg in male and female rats and 947 and 1130 mg/kg in male and female mice, respectively. Long dispersion periods during preparation or ultraviolet irradiation of the mixture lowered the LD50s. In repeated-exposure studies, dogs were given 0.50, 5.0 or 50 mg/kg X d by capsule for up to 90 d. Rats and mice were fed the mixture in the diet at 0.005, 0.05, or 0.5% for 90 d; mice were also fed at 0.25%. Mortality resulted at the highest dose level in each species. All three species showed depression of body weight or body weight gain, depressed food intake, moderate to severe anemia, and alterations in the spleen (hemosiderosis), liver (hepatomegaly), and testes (atrophy) at the highest dose levels. Cholesterol was elevated in rats and dogs after 90 d. Several species differences were also noted. Uric acid values were elevated in rats but not in dogs, serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) activity was low in dogs but unchanged in rats, and rats developed hypoplasia of the uterus but dogs did not. Signs of anemia were present at the intermediate dose levels. The lowest dose level in all three species was designated at a "no observable effects" level, based on the absence of clearly treatment-related effects. In a 4-wk study, the irradiated mixture fed to rats at 0.003, 0.03, or 0.3% in the diet was less toxic than the unirradiated mixture. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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