Minireview: 12-Lipoxygenase and Islet β-Cell Dysfunction in Diabetes
| Autor: | Esther Bolanis, Theodore R. Holman, Raghavendra G. Mirmira, Jerry L. Nadler, Sarah A. Tersey, David J. Maloney |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
medicine.medical_treatment Inflammation Type 2 diabetes Biology Arachidonate 12-Lipoxygenase Models Biological Diabetes Therapy Proinflammatory cytokine Small Molecule Libraries Endocrinology Insulin-Secreting Cells Diabetes mellitus Internal medicine Diabetes Mellitus medicine Animals Humans Molecular Biology geography geography.geographical_feature_category Pancreatic islets Insulin Minireviews General Medicine medicine.disease Islet medicine.anatomical_structure Immunology medicine.symptom |
| Zdroj: | Molecular Endocrinology. 29:791-800 |
| ISSN: | 1944-9917 0888-8809 |
| Popis: | The insulin producing islet β-cells have increasingly gained attention for their role in the pathogeneses of virtually all forms of diabetes. Dysfunction, de-differentiation, and/or death of β-cells are pivotal features in the transition from normoglycemia to hyperglycemia in both animal models of metabolic disease and humans. In both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, inflammation appears to be a central cause of β-cell derangements, and molecular pathways that modulate inflammation or the inflammatory response are felt to be prime targets of future diabetes therapy. The lipoxygenases (LOs) represent a class of enzymes that oxygenate cellular polyunsaturated fatty acids to produce inflammatory lipid intermediates that directly and indirectly affect cellular function and survival. The enzyme 12-LO is expressed in all metabolically active tissues, including pancreatic islets, and has received increasing attention for its role in promoting cellular inflammation in the setting of diabetes. Genetic deletion models of 12-LO in mice reveal striking protection from metabolic disease and its complications and an emerging body of literature has implicated its role in human disease. This review focuses on the evidence supporting the proinflammatory role of 12-LO as it relates to islet β-cells, and the potential for 12-LO inhibition as a future avenue for the prevention and treatment of metabolic disease. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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