Post-traumatic stress disorder associated with sexual assault among women in the WHO World Mental Health Surveys
| Autor: | Brendan Bunting, M. Petukhova, P. de Jonge, Ronny Bruffaerts, Andrew J. King, M. E. Medina-Mora, Sing Lee, Alan M. Zaslavsky, Jordi Alonso, Karestan C. Koenen, Kate M. Scott, Dan J. Stein, Elie G. Karam, Yolanda Torres, Nancy A. Sampson, Josep Maria Haro, F. Navarro-Mateu, Evelyn J. Bromet, Ronald C. Kessler, Victoria Shahly |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Universitat de Barcelona, Developmental Psychology, Interdisciplinary Centre Psychopathology and Emotion regulation (ICPE) |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
050103 clinical psychology
Internationality Dones Sexual assault Surveys Assetjament sexual Stress Disorders Post-Traumatic 0302 clinical medicine Surveys and Questionnaires PREDICTORS Applied Psychology Crime Victims TRAUMA SURVIVORS 05 social sciences Traumatic stress PTSD WELL Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders COMMUNITY Psychiatry and Mental health Mental Health Respondent Female Psychology Clinical psychology VIOLENCE medicine.medical_specialty World Health Organization Enquestes Article RAPE VICTIMS Odds Life Change Events 03 medical and health sciences Intervention (counseling) medicine Humans Trastorn per estrès posttraumàtic 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Women Psychiatry ABUSE Retrospective Studies COUNTERFACTUAL THINKING Post-traumatic stress disorder sexual assault Sex Offenses Retrospective cohort study Odds ratio Mental health 030227 psychiatry PTSD SYMPTOM SEVERITY Logistic Models ROC Curve Sex offense Sexual harassment |
| Zdroj: | Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya instname Dipòsit Digital de la UB Universidad de Barcelona Psychological Medicine, 48(1), 155-167. Cambridge University Press |
| ISSN: | 1469-8978 0033-2917 |
| Popis: | Background: Sexual assault is a global concern with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), one of the common sequelae. Early intervention can help prevent PTSD, making identification of those at high risk for the disorder a priority. Lack of representative sampling of both sexual assault survivors and sexual assaults in prior studies might have reduced the ability to develop accurate prediction models for early identification of high-risk sexual assault survivors. Methods: Data come from 12 face-to-face, cross-sectional surveys of community-dwelling adults conducted in 11 countries. Analysis was based on the data from the 411 women from these surveys for whom sexual assault was the randomly selected lifetime traumatic event (TE). Seven classes of predictors were assessed: socio-demographics, characteristics of the assault, the respondent's retrospective perception that she could have prevented the assault, other prior lifetime TEs, exposure to childhood family adversities and prior mental disorders. Results: Prevalence of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders IV (DSM-IV) PTSD associated with randomly selected sexual assaults was 20.2%. PTSD was more common for repeated than single-occurrence victimization and positively associated with prior TEs and childhood adversities. Respondent's perception that she could have prevented the assault interacted with history of mental disorder such that it reduced odds of PTSD, but only among women without prior disorders (odds ratio 0.2, 95% confidence interval 0.1–0.9). The final model estimated that 40.3% of women with PTSD would be found among the 10% with the highest predicted risk. Conclusions: Whether counterfactual preventability cognitions are adaptive may depend on mental health history. Predictive modelling may be useful in targeting high-risk women for preventive interventions. The ESEMeD project is funded by the European Commission (Contracts QLG5-1999-01042; SANCO 2004123, and EAHC 20081308), the Piedmont Region (Italy)), Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain (FIS 00/0028), Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología, Spain (SAF 2000-158-CE), Departament de Salut, Generalitat de Catalunya, Spain, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBER CB06/02/0046, RETICS RD06/0011 REM-TAP), and other local agencies and by an unrestricted educational grant from GlaxoSmithKline. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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