Objective evaluation and predictive value of olfactory dysfunction among patients hospitalized with COVID-19

Autor: Thiago Sasso Carmona de Souza, Rogério Hamerschmidt, Patrícia Cristina Scarabotto, Roberta David João De Masi, Marcelly Botelho Soares, Lucas Resende Lucinda Mangia
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
Adult
Male
Olfactory system
medicine.medical_specialty
ARDS
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Anosmia
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
Severity of Illness Index
law.invention
Olfaction Disorders
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
law
Internal medicine
Statistical significance
Intubation
Intratracheal
medicine
Humans
Hospital Mortality
Longitudinal Studies
Prospective Studies
030223 otorhinolaryngology
Aged
Respiratory Distress Syndrome
SARS-CoV-2
business.industry
Smell disorders
COVID-19
General Medicine
Length of Stay
Middle Aged
Prognosis
medicine.disease
Predictive value
Intensive care unit
Patient Discharge
Hospitalization
Intensive Care Units
Severe acute respiratory syndrome
Otorhinolaryngology
Case-Control Studies
030220 oncology & carcinogenesis
Female
Original Article
Surgery
medicine.symptom
business
Zdroj: Auris Nasus Larynx
Auris, Nasus, Larynx
ISSN: 0385-8146
Popis: Objectives Olfactory dysfunction is a frequent feature of COVID-19. Despite the growing evidence, current knowledge on the subject remains insufficient, so that data obtained with different tools, from multiple centers and in distinct scenarios are welcome. Yet, the predictive value of olfactory dysfunction in terms of the overall prognosis of COVID-19 is unknown. This study aims to evaluate the olfactory function of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and the impact of the results on their clinical outcomes. Methods Patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) admitted to a university tertiary hospital were recruited and divided into those with ARDS due to COVID-19, and those with ARDS of any other cause. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected at baseline and the patients had their objective olfactory function evaluated by the Alcohol Sniff Test on admission and during hospital stay. The participants were then followed up until reaching an endpoint: hospital discharge, endotracheal intubation, transfer to the intensive care unit, or death. Patients with COVID-19 were also subgrouped and compared according to their olfactory thresholds and to their overall clinical outcomes. The obtained data was analyzed using R software. Level of significance was set at 0.05. Results Eighty-two patients were included (of which 58 had COVID-19). 87.93% of the patients with COVID-19 had diminished olfactory dysfunction on admission. The mean length of hospital stay among patients with olfactory dysfunction was greater (7.84 vs 6.14 days) and nine individuals in this subgroup had poor overall outcomes. None of those with normal olfactory function developed critical COVID-19. The mean olfactory function was significantly worse among patients with COVID-19 and poor outcomes (3.97 vs 7.90 cm, P = .023). Conclusion Objective olfactory dysfunction is frequent in ARDS caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients with longitudinal poorer outcomes present worse olfactory thresholds on admission.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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