Is moderate substance use associated with altered executive functioning in a population-based sample of young adults?

Autor: Christian G. Schütz, Hildegard Pfister, Marcel Daamen, Klaus W. Lange, Michaela Piechatzek, Oliver Tucha, Hans-Ulrich Wittchen, Roselind Lieb, Friedrich Indlekofer, Christoph Glasmacher
Rok vydání: 2009
Předmět:
Male
cannabis
Marijuana Abuse
Databases
Factual
ALCOHOL-CONSUMPTION
Ecstasy
Neuropsychological Tests
Executive Function
PARKINSONS-DISEASE
Pharmacology (medical)
education.field_of_study
alcohol
Cognition
executive functions
Executive functions
Substance abuse
Psychiatry and Mental health
Memory
Short-Term
Neurology
RECREATIONAL USERS
Female
medicine.symptom
Psychology
Adult
medicine.medical_specialty
Alcohol Drinking
Substance-Related Disorders
N-Methyl-3
4-methylenedioxyamphetamine
Population
ECSTASY MDMA USERS
WORKING-MEMORY DEFICITS
impulsivity
Impulsivity
4-METHYLENEDIOXYMETHAMPHETAMINE MDMA
working memory
COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE
Young Adult
medicine
Humans
Effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance
education
Psychiatry
ecstasy
DRUG-NAIVE CONTROLS
HEAVY CANNABIS USERS
medicine.disease
Impulsive Behavior
Linear Models
EARLY DEVELOPMENTAL-STAGES
Neurology (clinical)
Cognition Disorders
Stroop effect
Zdroj: Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental. 24:650-665
ISSN: 1099-1077
0885-6222
DOI: 10.1002/hup.1069
Popis: Background Substance use (SU) has been linked with impaired cognitive functioning. Evidence comes mainly from clinical studies or studies examining heavy users. Though, the majority of users are not involved in heavy use. This study investigates the association between moderate use and cognition in a population-based sample. Methods A total of 284 young adults with ecstasy, cannabis or alcohol use and a control group were sampled from the EDSP database for participation in the Munich Assessment of Young Adults (MAYA) study. Subjects completed a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests (executive functions, working memory and impulsivity). Multiple linear regression models were conducted to examine the relationship between use and cognitive performance. Results Increased ecstasy consumption was associated with increased error-proneness (Stroop task, CANTAB ID/ED-shift, spatial working memory). More frequent cannabis use and more extensive alcohol consumption were associated with a higher degree of impulsiveness. Conclusions Based on mild to moderate SU, little indication of differences in executive functioning was found. For ecstasy use, an increased error-proneness was revealed. The subtle differences in relatively young individuals warrant further investigation in prospective long-term studies to identify subjects at risk, and to examine effects of prolonged patterns of use on executive functioning. Copyright (C) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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