Post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis: A threat to elimination program

Autor: Mallikarjuna Rao Gedda, Shyam Sundar, Prasoon Madhukar, S. N. Upadhyay, Om Prakash Singh, Dhiraj Kumar, Bhawana Singh, Abhishek Kumar Singh
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Physiology
Biopsy
RC955-962
Artificial Gene Amplification and Extension
Review
Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Biochemistry
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine
Zoonoses
Immune Physiology
Medicine and Health Sciences
Leishmaniasis
Protozoans
Leishmania
Innate Immune System
biology
Transmission (medicine)
Eukaryota
Indian subcontinent
Infectious Diseases
Nodular lesions
Cytokines
Leishmaniasis
Visceral
Public aspects of medicine
RA1-1270
Neglected Tropical Diseases
medicine.medical_specialty
Immunology
Leishmania donovani
Leishmaniasis
Cutaneous
Surgical and Invasive Medical Procedures
Research and Analysis Methods
Signs and Symptoms
Diagnostic Medicine
parasitic diseases
medicine
Parasitic Diseases
Humans
Genetic Predisposition to Disease
Molecular Biology Techniques
Molecular Biology
Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis
Protozoan Infections
business.industry
fungi
Public Health
Environmental and Occupational Health
Organisms
Biology and Life Sciences
Proteins
Molecular Development
medicine.disease
biology.organism_classification
Tropical Diseases
Dermatology
Parasitic Protozoans
Visceral leishmaniasis
Antimony Sodium Gluconate
Immune System
Lesions
Interferons
business
Immunologic Memory
Biomarkers
Developmental Biology
Zdroj: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 14, Iss 7, p e0008221 (2020)
ISSN: 1935-2735
1935-2727
Popis: Leishmaniasis remains a public health concern around the world that primarily affects poor folks of the developing world spanning across 98 countries with mortality of 0.2 million to 0.4 million annually. Post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) is the late skin manifestation of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). It has been reported that about 2.5% to 20% of patients recovered from VL develop PKDL having stilted macular or nodular lesions with parasites. In the Indian subcontinent (ISC), it manifests a few months after recovery from VL, though in Africa it can occur simultaneously with VL or a little later. New cases of PKDL are also observed without prior VL in the ISC. These individuals with PKDL represent an important but largely neglected reservoir of infection that perpetuates anthroponotic Leishmania donovani transmission in the ISC and can jeopardize the VL elimination program as these cases can infect the sand flies and spread the endemic. Therefore, it becomes imperative to eradicate PKDL as a part of the VL elimination program. With the limited treatment options besides little knowledge on PKDL, this review stands out in focusing on different aspects that should be dealt for sustained VL elimination.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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