Oral Glutamine Supplementation Reduces Obesity, Pro-Inflammatory Markers, and Improves Insulin Sensitivity in DIO Wistar Rats and Reduces Waist Circumference in Overweight and Obese Humans
| Autor: | Kahlile Youssef Abboud, Fabiana Tannihão, Maria Eduarda Martelli, Dioze Guadagnini, Mario J.A. Saad, Alessandra Zanin Zambom de Souza, Sabrina Karen Reis, Guilherme Z. Rocha, Olivia Pizetta Zordão, Patrícia O. Prada, Heloisa Balan Assalin |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Male
0301 basic medicine obesity clamp Glutamine medicine.medical_treatment Glucose uptake Adipose tissue 0302 clinical medicine Nutrition and Dietetics glutamine supplementation Glucose clamp technique Liver Female Inflammation Mediators Waist Circumference lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply Adult medicine.medical_specialty LPS 030209 endocrinology & metabolism lcsh:TX341-641 Carbohydrate metabolism Diet High-Fat Article 03 medical and health sciences Insulin resistance Double-Blind Method Internal medicine medicine Animals Humans insulin sensitivity Rats Wistar Muscle Skeletal business.industry Insulin Body Weight hexosamine Overweight medicine.disease cytokines Rats IRS1 030104 developmental biology Endocrinology inflammation Dietary Supplements Glucose Clamp Technique Insulin Resistance business Biomarkers Food Science |
| Zdroj: | Nutrients Volume 11 Issue 3 Nutrients, Vol 11, Iss 3, p 536 (2019) |
| ISSN: | 2072-6643 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/nu11030536 |
| Popis: | In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether chronic oral glutamine (Gln) supplementation may alter metabolic parameters and the inflammatory profile in overweight and obese humans as well as whether Gln may modulate molecular pathways in key tissues linked to the insulin action in rats. Thirty-nine overweight/obese volunteers received 30 g of Gln or alanine (Ala-control) for 14 days. Body weight (BW), waist circumference (WC), hormones, and pro-inflammatory markers were evaluated. To investigate molecular mechanisms, Gln or Ala was given to Wistar rats on a high-fat diet (HFD), and metabolic parameters, euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp with tracers, and Western blot were done. Gln reduced WC and serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in overweight volunteers. In the obese group, Gln diminished WC and serum insulin. There was a positive correlation between the reduction on WC and LPS. In rats on HFD, Gln reduced adiposity, improved insulin action and signaling, and reversed both defects in glucose metabolism in the liver and muscle. Gln supplementation increased muscle glucose uptake and reversed the increased hepatic glucose production, in parallel with a reduced glucose uptake in adipose tissue. This insulin resistance in AT was accompanied by enhanced IRS1 O-linked-glycosamine association in this tissue, but not in the liver and muscle. These data suggest that Gln supplementation leads to insulin resistance specifically in adipose tissue via the hexosamine pathway and reduces adipose mass, which is associated with improvement in the systemic insulin action. Thus, further investigation with Gln supplementation should be performed for longer periods in humans before prescribing as a beneficial therapeutic approach for individuals who are overweight and obese. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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