Genetic improvement of production while maintaining fitness
| Autor: | T.H.E. Meuwissen, John P. Gibson, M. Quinton |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 1995 |
| Předmět: |
Fitness Finite locus models
media_common.quotation_subject Culling Biology Genetic model Genotype Genetics Production (economics) Allele Instituut voor Dierhouderij en Diergezondheid Selection (genetic algorithm) media_common ID-Lelystad Production General Medicine ID Lelystad Evolutionary biology ID-Lelystad Instituut voor Dierhouderij en Diergezondheid ID Lelystad Institute for Animal Science and Health Reproduction Agronomy and Crop Science Institute for Animal Science and Health Genetic improvement Biotechnology Index selection |
| Zdroj: | Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 90, 627-635 Theoretical and Applied Genetics 90 (1995) |
| ISSN: | 0040-5752 |
| Popis: | Selection for production tends to decrease fitness, in particular, major components such as reproductive performance. Under an infinitesimal genetic model restricted index selection can maintain reproductive performance while improving production. However, reproductive traits are thought to be controlled by a finite number of recessive alleles at low frequency. Culling for low reproduction may weed out the negative homozygous genotypes for reproduction in any generation, thus controlling the frequencies of alleles negative for reproduction. Restricted index selection, culling for low reproduction and a new method called empirical restricted index selection were compared for their efficiency in improving production while maintaining reproduction. Empirical restricted index selection selects animals that have on average the highest estimated breeding values for production and on average the same estimated breeding values for reproduction as the base population. An infinitesimal genetic model and models with a finite number of loci for reproduction with rare deleterious recessive alleles, which have additive, dominant or no pleiotropic effects on production, were considered. When reproduction was controlled by a finite number of loci with rare recessive alleles, restricted index selection could not maintain reproduction. The culling of 20% of the animals on reproduction maintained reproduction with all genetic models, except for the model where loci for reproduction had additive effects on production. Empirical restricted selection maintained reproduction with all models and yielded higher production responses than culling on reproduction, except when there were dominant pleiotropic effects on production. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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