Developments in schizophrenia genetics: from linkage to microchips, deletions and duplications
| Autor: | Engilbert Sigurdsson, Ulrich Ettinger, H. Magnus Haraldsson |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2011 |
| Předmět: |
Genetic Markers
medicine.medical_specialty DNA Copy Number Variations Genotype Endophenotypes Genetic Linkage Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming) Genome-wide association study Biology behavioral disciplines and activities Genetic linkage mental disorders Chromosome Duplication medicine Humans Genetic Predisposition to Disease Copy-number variation Psychiatry Psychiatric genetics Genetic association Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis Genetics Linkage (software) Psychiatry and Mental health Endophenotype Schizophrenia Schizophrenic Psychology Chromosome Deletion Genome-Wide Association Study |
| Zdroj: | Nordic journal of psychiatry. 65(2) |
| ISSN: | 1502-4725 |
| Popis: | There is strong evidence for significant contributions of genetic factors to the risk of schizophrenia. In the past 10 years, studies employing linkage and association approaches have identified multiple putative schizophrenia risk genes. For most of these, the evidence for association with schizophrenia remains weak and attempts of replication not always successful nor easy to interpret.To give an overview of new developments in genetic research of schizophrenia.The present literature on schizophrenia genetics was reviewed with special emphasis on new developments such as genome-wide association studies (GWAS), associations of copy number variations (CNVs) with schizophrenia and the role of endophenotypes in genetic research.The first GWAS of schizophrenia have identified new putative candidate risk genes and opened avenues for investigating how multiple genes may act in functional biological pathways forming the genetic basis of schizophrenia and other complex diseases. There is growing evidence that rare de novo CNVs as well as some inherited CNVs contribute to the susceptibility to several neuropsychiatric disorders including schizophrenia. Schizophrenia endophenotypes, which possibly better represent biological phenomena than the complex clinical phenotype, are turning out to be helpful for investigating neurobiological pathways of putative risk genes.Recent studies suggest that individual common gene variants make relatively small contributions to risk of schizophrenia but some rare CNVs may be associated with much higher risk when present. Future studies employing new technologies for identifying common and rare risk markers are likely to deepen our understanding of the genetic architecture of schizophrenia. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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