Renin angiotensin system in liver diseases: Friend or foe?
| Autor: | Artur S. Miranda, Antônio Lúcio Teixeira, Natalia Pessoa Rocha, Simões E Silva Ac |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
Liver Cirrhosis
Hepatorenal Syndrome Liver fibrosis Inflammation Review 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology Pharmacology Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A Pathogenesis Renin-Angiotensin System 03 medical and health sciences Mice 0302 clinical medicine Renin–angiotensin system medicine Animals Humans Receptor Cell Proliferation Angiotensin II receptor type 1 Cell growth Effector Chemistry Angiotensin II Liver Diseases Gastroenterology Hemodynamics General Medicine Angiotensin-(1-7) Fibrosis Liver Hepatic cirrhosis Renin angiotensin system 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology medicine.symptom hormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonists |
| Zdroj: | World Journal of Gastroenterology |
| ISSN: | 2219-2840 |
| Popis: | In the last three decades, the understanding of the renin angiotensin system (RAS) has been changed by the discoveries of functional local systems, novel biologically active peptides, additional specific receptors, alternative pathways of angiotensin (Ang) II generation, and new roles for enzymes and precursor components other than those in Ang II synthesis. In this regard, the discovery that Ang-(1-7) opposes the pressor, proliferative, pro-fibrotic, and pro-inflammatory effects mediated by Ang II has contributed to the realization that the RAS is composed of two axes. The first axis consists of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), with Ang II as the end product, and the angiotensin type 1 (AT1) receptor as the main effector mediating the biological actions of Ang II. The second axis results from ACE2-mediated hydrolysis of Ang II, leading to the production of Ang-(1-7), with the Mas receptor as the main effector conveying the vasodilatory, anti-proliferative, anti-fibrotic, and anti-inflammatory effects of Ang-(1-7). Experimental and clinical studies have shown that both axes of the RAS may take part in the pathogenesis of liver diseases. In this manuscript, we summarize the current evidence regarding the role of RAS in hepatic cirrhosis and its complications, including hemodynamic changes and hepatorenal syndrome. The therapeutic potential of the modulation of RAS molecules in liver diseases is also discussed. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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