Repurposing Therapeutics for Potential Treatment of SARS-CoV-2: A Review
| Autor: | Mohit J. Gandhi, Michael A. Cohen, Jennifer L. Santos, Arwen B. L. Declan, Phillip C. Moschella, Stephanie F. Brierley |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
viruses 030106 microbiology Pneumonia Viral coronavirus repurposing lcsh:QR1-502 Disease Review Favipiravir Bioinformatics medicine.disease_cause Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Antiviral Agents lcsh:Microbiology 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Betacoronavirus Tocilizumab Viral entry Virology medicine therapeutics Humans skin and connective tissue diseases Pandemics Repurposing Coronavirus repositioning treatment business.industry SARS-CoV-2 virus diseases COVID-19 medicine.disease respiratory tract diseases Clinical trial 030104 developmental biology Infectious Diseases chemistry Cytokine storm business Coronavirus Infections |
| Zdroj: | Viruses, Vol 12, Iss 705, p 705 (2020) Viruses |
| ISSN: | 1999-4915 |
| Popis: | The need for proven disease-specific treatments for the novel pandemic coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 necessitates a worldwide search for therapeutic options. Since the SARS-CoV-2 virus shares extensive homology with SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, effective therapies for SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV may also have therapeutic potential for the current COVID-19 outbreak. To identify therapeutics that might be repositioned for treatment of the SARS-CoV-2 disease COVID-19, we strategically reviewed the literature to identify existing therapeutics with evidence of efficacy for the treatment of the three coronaviruses that cause severe respiratory illness (SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2). Mechanistic and in vitro analyses suggest multiple promising therapeutic options with potential for repurposing to treat patients with COVID-19. Therapeutics with particularly high potential efficacy for repurposing include camostat mesylate, remdesivir, favipiravir, tocilizumab, baricitinib, convalescent plasma, and humanized monoclonal antibodies. Camostat mesylate has shown therapeutic potential, likely by preventing viral entry into epithelial cells. In early research, the targeted antivirals remdesivir and favipiravir appear to benefit patients by decreasing viral replication; clinical trials suggest that remdesivir speeds recovery from COVID-19. Tocilizumab and baricitinib appear to improve mortality by preventing a severe cytokine storm. Convalescent plasma and humanized monoclonal antibodies offer passive immunity and decreased recovery time. This review highlights potential therapeutic options that may be repurposed to treat COVID-19 and suggests opportunities for further research. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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