More than DNA methylation: does pleiotropy drive the complex pattern of evolution of Dnmt1?
| Autor: | Elizabeth C. McKinney, Patricia J. Moore, Robert J. Schmitz, Joshua T. Washington, Zachary Sanchez, Ashley U. Amukamara, Allen J. Moore |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine germ cells Methyltransferase Cell division lcsh:Evolution Biology 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Oncopeltus fasciatus Pleiotropy lcsh:QH540-549.5 Gene expression lcsh:QH359-425 Epigenetics Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics Genetics DNA methylation Ecology epigenetics oogenesis fungi Phenotype Cell biology 030104 developmental biology chemistry Dnmt1 DNMT1 lcsh:Ecology DNA |
| Zdroj: | Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Vol 8 (2020) |
| DOI: | 10.1101/824052 |
| Popis: | DNA methylation is an important chromatin modification that can stably alter gene expression in cells and maintain genome integrity in plants and vertebrates. The function of DNA methylation outside of these well-studied systems, however, is unclear. Insects, in particular, represent an understudied group. Variation in the level of DNA methylation and gains and losses in the maintenance methyltransferase, DNMT1, across the insect tree of life suggests that there is much we don’t understand about DMNT1 function and evolution. One constant across the studies examining patterns ofDnmt1expression in insects is that expression is consistently high in reproductive tissues compared to somatic tissue. The explanation for this has been that DNMT1 is required in tissues that have high levels of cell division. Our previous study found that downregulation ofDnmt1expression in the milkweed bugOncopeltus fasciatusresults in the expected reduction of DNA methylation, no global changes in gene expression reflecting changes in DNA methylation, and the loss of the ability to produce viable oocytes. Here, we show that females treated with ds-Dnmt1RNA during larval development have a more extreme phenotype; they lack oocytes entirely but develop a normal somatic ovary. Our results indicate a specific role for DNMT1 in the formation of gametes and are consistent with data from other systems, includingTribolium castaneum, a species does not have DNA methylation. We propose that DNMT1 has multiple functional roles in addition to methylating DNA, which explains its complex patterns of evolution, and suggests that previous inferences of causation from associations are premature. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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