Risk factors for HIV-1 infection in a longitudinal, prospective cohort of adults from the Mbeya Region, Tanzania
| Autor: | Merlin L. Robb, Elmar Saathoff, Steffen Geis, Donan Mmbando, Leonard Maboko, Eleuter Samky, Nelson L. Michael, Deborah L. Birx, Christof Geldmacher, Oliver Hoffmann, Michael Hoelscher |
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| Rok vydání: | 2011 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Adolescent Alcohol Drinking Population General Population Cohort HIV Infections Tanzania Article Cohort Studies Young Adult Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) Risk Factors HIV Seropositivity medicine Humans Pharmacology (medical) Longitudinal Studies Prospective Studies HIV vaccine Risk factor Prospective cohort study education education.field_of_study business.industry Incidence (epidemiology) Incidence Age Factors virus diseases medicine.disease Infectious Diseases Immunology HIV-1 Educational Status Female business Demography Cohort study |
| Zdroj: | Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999). 56(5) |
| ISSN: | 1944-7884 |
| Popis: | To control the global HIV epidemic, targeted interventions to reduce the incidence of HIV infections are urgently needed until an effective HIV vaccine is available. This study describes HIV-1 incidence and associated risk factors in a general population cohort of adults from Mbeya region, Tanzania, who participated in a vaccine preparedness study.We conducted a closed prospective cohort study with 6-monthly follow-up from 2002 to 2006 enrolling adults from the general population. HIV-1 incidence and risk factors for HIV-1 acquisition were analyzed using Cox regression.We observed 2578 seronegative participants for a mean period of 3.06 person years (PY) (7471 PY in total). Overall HIV-1 incidence was 1.35 per 100 PY (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10-1.64/100 PY). The highest overall HIV-1 incidence was found in females from Itende village (1.55 per 100 PY; 95% CI, 0.99-2.30/100 PY); the highest age-specific incidence was observed in semiurban males aged 30 to 34 years (2.75 per 100 PY; 95% CI, 0.75-7.04). HIV-1 acquisition was independently associated with female gender (hazard ratio [HR], 1.64; 95% CI, 1.05-2.57), younger age at enrollment (age 18-19 versus 35-39 years: HR, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.11-0.75), alcohol consumption (almost daily versus none: HR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.00-4.07), education level (secondary school versus none: HR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.17-0.89), and number of lifetime sex partners (more than five versus one: HR, 2.22; 95% CI, 1.13-4.36).A high incidence of HIV was observed in this cohort, and incident infection was strongly associated with young age, alcohol consumption, low school education level, and number of sex partners. Targeted interventions are needed to address the elevated risk associated with these factors. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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