High-Amylose Resistant Starch Increases Hormones and Improves Structure and Function of the Gastrointestinal Tract: A Microarray Study
Autor: | Michael J. Keenan, June Zhou, Maren Hegsted, Roy J. Martin, Ian L. Brown, Anne M. Raggio, Anne M. Birkett, Richard T. Tulley, Eric Blair, Susan Newman, Jihad Skaf, Kathleen L McCutcheon |
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Rok vydání: | 2012 |
Předmět: |
Male
food.ingredient Microarray Starch Medicine (miscellaneous) Biology Article Rats Sprague-Dawley chemistry.chemical_compound food Amylose Genetics Animals Resistant starch Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis Gastrointestinal tract food and beverages Proglucagon Rats Gastrointestinal Tract chemistry Biochemistry Fermentation Food Science Hormone |
Zdroj: | Lifestyle Genomics. 5:26-44 |
ISSN: | 2504-3188 2504-3161 |
Popis: | Background/Aims: Type 2 resistant starch from high-amylose maize (HAM-RS2) is associated with increased fermentation, increased expression of proglucagon (gene for GLP-1) and peptide YY (PYY) genes in the large intestine, and improved health. To determine what other genes are up- or downregulated with feeding of HAM-RS2, a microarray was performed. Methods: Adult, male Sprague Dawley rats were fed one of the following three diets for a 4-week study period: cornstarch control (CC, 3.74 kcal/g), dietary energy density control (EC, 3.27 kcal/g), and 30% HAM-RS2 (RS, 3.27 kcal/g). Rat microarray with ∼27,000 genes and validation of 94 representative genes with multiple qPCR were used to determine gene expression in total RNA extracts of cecal cells from rats. The RS versus EC comparison tested effects of fermentation as energy density of the diet was controlled. Results: For the RS versus EC comparison, 86% of the genes were validated from the microarray and the expression indicates promotion of cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Gut hormones GLP-1 and PYY were increased. Conclusions: Gene expression results predict improved structure and function of the GI tract. Production of gut hormones may promote healthy functions beyond the GI tract. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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