Pilot Fatigue: Relationships with Departure and Arrival Times, Flight Duration, and Direction
| Autor: | Philippa H. Gander, Gregory Belenky, Adam Alexander T. Smith, Lora J. Wu, Hannah M Mulrine, Margo J van den Berg, T. Leigh Signal |
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| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Engineering medicine.medical_specialty Time Factors Aircraft Crew Poison control Workload Aeronautics Risk Factors Work Schedule Tolerance medicine Humans Attention Circadian rhythm Wakefulness Fatigue Simulation Monitoring Physiologic business.industry Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Psychomotor vigilance task Actigraphy Middle Aged Circadian Rhythm Occupational Diseases Sleep deprivation Aerospace Medicine Sleep Deprivation Female medicine.symptom Descent (aeronautics) Aviation medicine business Psychomotor Performance |
| Zdroj: | Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine. 85:833-840 |
| ISSN: | 0095-6562 |
| DOI: | 10.3357/asem.3963.2014 |
| Popis: | INTRODUCTION: Flight timing is expected to influence pilot fatigue because it determines the part of the circadian body clock cycle that is traversed during a flight. However the effects of flight timing are not well-characterized because field studies typically focus on specific flights with a limited range of departure times and have small sample sizes. The present project combined data from four studies, including 13 long-range and ultra-long range out-and-back trips across a range of departure and arrival times (237 pilots in 4-person crews, 730 flight segments, 1-3 d layovers). METHODS: All studies had tripartite support and underwent independent ethical review. Sleep was monitored (actigraphy) from 3 d prior to ≥ 3 d post-trip. Preflight and at top of descent (TOD), pilots rated their sleepiness (Karolinska Sleepiness Scale) and fatigue (Samn-Perelli scale), and completed a psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) test. Mixed model ANOVA identified independent associations between fatigue measures and operational factors (domicile times of departure and arrival, flight duration and direction, landing versus relief crew). RESULTS: Preflight subjective fatigue and sleepiness were lowest for flights departing 14:00-17:59. Total in-flight sleep was longest on flights departing 18:00-01:59. At TOD, fatigue and sleepiness were higher and PVT response speeds were slower on flights arriving 06:00-09:59 than on flights arriving later. PVT response speed at TOD was also faster on longer flights. DISCUSSION: The findings indicate the influence of flight timing (interacting with the circadian body clock cycle), as well as flight duration, on in-flight sleep and fatigue measures at TOD. Language: en |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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