Adult oligodendrocyte progenitor cells - multifaceted regulators of the CNS in health and disease
| Autor: | Anthony Fernandez-Castaneda, Alban Gaultier |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Adult Central Nervous System Cell type Immunology Central nervous system Context (language use) Inflammation Biology Article Glial scar 03 medical and health sciences Behavioral Neuroscience Myelin 0302 clinical medicine Immune system Central Nervous System Diseases medicine Animals Humans Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells Endocrine and Autonomic Systems Multiple sclerosis medicine.disease stomatognathic diseases 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure nervous system medicine.symptom Neuroscience 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Popis: | Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) are the often-overlooked fourth glial cell type in the central nervous system (CNS), comprising about 5% of the CNS. For a long time, our vision of OPC function was limited to the generation of mature oligodendrocytes. However, new studies have highlighted the multifaceted nature of the OPCs. During homeostatic and pathological conditions, OPCs are the most proliferative cell type in the CNS, a property not consistent with the need to generate new oligodendrocytes. Indeed, OPCs modulate neuronal activity and OPC depletion in the brain can trigger depressive-like behavior. More importantly, OPCs are actively recruited to injury sites, where they orchestrate glial scar formation and contribute to the immune response. The following is a comprehensive analysis of the literature on OPC function beyond myelination, in the context of the healthy and diseased adult CNS. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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