Circadian changes in the composition of human milk macronutrients depending on pregnancy duration: a cross-sectional study
| Autor: | Alma Molyte, Vytautas Usonis, Ieva Jura Paulaviciene, Arunas Liubsys, Audrone Eidukaite |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male 0301 basic medicine Cross-sectional study Macronutrient law.invention Fats Protein content Young Adult 03 medical and health sciences Pregnancy duration 0302 clinical medicine Animal science Pregnancy law Humans Lactation Medicine Macronutrient composition 030212 general & internal medicine Circadian rhythm 030109 nutrition & dietetics Milk Human business.industry Research lcsh:Public aspects of medicine Human milk Infant Newborn lcsh:RJ1-570 Circadian variation Mid-infrared spectrophotometry Proteins Obstetrics and Gynecology Lithuania lcsh:Pediatrics lcsh:RA1-1270 Nutrients Circadian Rhythm Cross-Sectional Studies Pediatrics Perinatology and Child Health Energy density Female Breast pump Composition (visual arts) business |
| Zdroj: | International breastfeeding journal, London : BMC, 2020, vol. 15, art. no. 49, p. [1-9] International Breastfeeding Journal, Vol 15, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2020) International Breastfeeding Journal |
| ISSN: | 1746-4358 |
| Popis: | Background The purpose of this study was to evaluate the circadian variation of human milk macronutrients and energy content depending upon pregnancy duration. Methods One hundred eighty fresh human milk samples from 45 mothers (27 of preterm and 18 of full-term newborns) were collected on a single day chosen between the 14th to 16th day after delivery. The samples were taken four times per day at 12 PM, 6 PM, 12 AM and 6 AM. Only lactating women, who could not breastfeed their hospitalized newborns and expressed milk by breast pump, were enrolled in the study. Human milk macronutrient composition and energy count were evaluated by mid-infrared spectrophotometry. Results Significant differences in macronutrient content were observed between 6 AM and 12 PM for mean protein content (t = − 4.62, df = 44, p t = − 2.10, df = 44, p = 0.04) and for mean energy content (t = − 2.24, df = 44, p = 0.03); between 6 AM and 6 PM for mean protein content (t = − 2.41, df = 43, p = 0.02), for mean fat content (t = − 3.76, df = 43, p = 0.001) and for mean energy content (t = − 3.85, df = 43, p < 0.001); between 12 PM and 12 AM for mean protein content (Wilcoxon test V = 75.5, p = 0.001), for mean fat content (t = 2.50, df = 44, p = 0.02) and for mean energy content (t = 2.74, df = 44, p = 0.01); between 6 PM and 12 AM for mean protein content (V = 229, p = 0.02), for mean fat content (t = 4.39, df = 43, p < 0.001) and for mean energy content (t = − 4.57, df = 43, p < 0.001). The average content of carbohydrates did not change significantly during the 24 h. The samples of preterm newborns’ mothers had more apparent diurnal fluctuations in macronutrient content. Conclusions Our study revealed significant diurnal variations in protein and fat in human milk, and these circadian fluctuations were more apparent in the milk of mothers of preterm infants. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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