Normal and altered masticatory load impact on the range of craniofacial shape variation: An analysis of pre-Hispanic and modern populations of the American Southern Cone

Autor: Williams Astudillo, Viviana Toro-Ibacache, Andrea P. Eyquem, José Aguilera, Susan C. Kuzminsky
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2019
Předmět:
Male
Physiology
Range (biology)
Mandible
Geographical locations
Eating
Mathematical and Statistical Techniques
Medicine and Health Sciences
Maxilla
0601 history and archaeology
Craniofacial skeleton
Chile
Musculoskeletal System
Orthodontics
Principal Component Analysis
0303 health sciences
Multidisciplinary
Statistics
06 humanities and the arts
Masticatory force
Variation (linguistics)
Archaeology
Physical Sciences
Medicine
Female
Anatomy
Research Article
Cephalometry
Science
Argentina
Biology
Research and Analysis Methods
Bite Force
03 medical and health sciences
Humans
Statistical Methods
Craniofacial
Skeleton
Nutrition
030304 developmental biology
Morphometrics
Mouth
Chile (Country)
060101 anthropology
Skull
Biology and Life Sciences
South America
Diet
Face
Multivariate Analysis
Allometry
People and places
Physiological Processes
Digestive System
Head
Mathematics
Zdroj: PLoS One
PLoS ONE, Vol 14, Iss 12, p e0225369 (2019)
PLoS ONE
Popis: The reduction of masticatory load intensity resulting from dietary changes in human evolution has been proposed as an important factor that alters craniofacial shape in past and current populations. However, its impact on craniofacial variation and on the perceived differences among populations is unclear. The maxillomandibular relationship, which alters masticatory force direction, is a factor often neglected but it can contribute to variation in craniofacial morphology, particularly among modern/urban populations where the prevalence of dental malocclusions is greater than in prehistoric populations. This study investigates the influence of masticatory load intensity and maxillomandibular relationship as a proxy for force direction on the human craniofacial skeleton. By using 3D imaging and geometric morphometrics, we analyzed craniofacial shape variation among 186 individuals from pre-Hispanic and modern Chilean and Argentinean populations that differ in diet consistency (a proxy for masticatory load intensity) and maxillomandibular relationship. We predicted that masticatory load would have a subtle effect on the upper craniofacial bones and that this would be more marked in the maxilla. Our results showed no clear influence of masticatory load on craniofacial shape, particularly in modern/urban populations. Allometry, on the contrary, shows a stronger effect. The degree of integration between the upper craniofacial bones and the load-bearing maxilla depends on masticatory load intensity, decreasing from high to low but showing a conservative pattern of covariation among the groups. The degree of variation in the shape of the maxilla is greater than the upper craniofacial bones. These results suggest that masticatory load has a limited effect in determining differences in craniofacial morphology among populations. This effect is slightly greater for the maxillary region of the face. We propose that the reduction of functional constraints is key to greater shape variation found in modern/urban populations.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
Externí odkaz: