On the Relevance of Specific Classifications of Disorders with Particular Focus on DCD, Developmental Coordination Disorder
| Autor: | Kalverboer, A.F., Rispens, J, van Yperen, T A, Yule, W |
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| Rok vydání: | 1998 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Perspectives on the Classification of Specific Developmental Disorders ISBN: 9789048149612 Perspectives on the classification of specific developmental disorders, 265-278 STARTPAGE=265;ENDPAGE=278;TITLE=Perspectives on the classification of specific developmental disorders |
| DOI: | 10.1007/978-94-017-2581-1_13 |
| Popis: | In DSM-IV (APA, 1994) factors such as growing insight in clinical conditions based on scientific studies, and the need to adapt the system to a large variety of cultures are mentioned as reasons for the ongoing process of adapting classification systems. Not explicitly mentioned but maybe also a possible motivation for change is the continuously growing need for ‘specificity’ of categories. There has to be a proper balance between the two requirements: generality or globality on the one hand, and specificity on the other. The optimal level of generality depends of the function(s) that category has to serve. Broadly speaking, there are two important ‘functional domains’, namely:the clinical domain: here the category serves to identify children, characterized by a particular set of ‘clinical’ phenomena, which may be the basis for ‘clinical’ decisions with respect to the individual child. Categories become either too specific or too global if they do not sufficiently match the sorts of decisions clinicians have to take with respect to guidance, treatment, measurements with respect to remedial teaching, special school placement or institutionalisation, etc.;the scientific domain: here the category serves as a basis for the understanding of ‘the underlying nature’ of that particular condition. It should allow for a scientific (= empirical) approach to possible mechanisms at various ‘levels of explanation’: e.g. at the level of the organism/the nervous system: its anatomy, biochemistry, neurotransmission, neurophysiology or neurological functions or at the level of psychological functions: its way of processing information and the planning and execution of its behaviour or at the level of its social relationships and structures. Ideally in this connotation, a category is a source and stimulus for theory-building. There is a mismatch with the scientific study of diseases if the circumscription is so vague or ambiguous that it is meaningless to postulate particular mechanisms which can be empirically studied and which can be hypothesized to be core mechanisms in that particular condition. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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