Vancomycin kinetics during continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis
| Autor: | Michael E. Brier, C Martin Bunke, George R. Aronoff, Rebecca S. Sloan, Friedrich C. Luft |
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| Rok vydání: | 1983 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
medicine.medical_specialty medicine.medical_treatment Urology Peritonitis Loading dose Peritoneal dialysis Pharmacokinetics Peritoneal Dialysis Continuous Ambulatory Vancomycin Medicine Humans Pharmacology (medical) Antibacterial agent Pharmacology business.industry Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis Middle Aged medicine.disease Surgery Kinetics Ambulatory Injections Intravenous business Peritoneal Dialysis Injections Intraperitoneal medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics. 34(5) |
| ISSN: | 0009-9236 |
| Popis: | To establish therapeutic guidelines for vancomycin usage in patients receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), we studied single-dose kinetics of vancomycin in CAPD patients. Vancomycin was studied after a 10-mg/kg dose was given intravenously (VAN-IV) or intraperitoneally (VAN-IP). VAN-IV provided a plasma concentration above 10 mg/l at 12 hr, with a t 1/2 of 81 hr. When VAN-IP was given, 65% was absorbed; peak plasma concentrations were only 6.3 mg/l, and t 1/2 was 66 hr. CAPD accounted for only 15% to 17% of total body clearance in both groups. The kinetic principle of superposition was used to predict plasma concentrations after repeated VAN-IP doses. A model with once-a-day dosing predicted that a loading dose of 30 mg/kg followed by 7 mg/kg would achieve steady-state plasma concentrations of 11 to 14.8 mg/l. Another model with vancomycin in each exchange predicted that a loading dose of 30 mg/kg followed by 1.5 mg/kg would provide plasma concentrations in excess of 10 mg/l at 180 hr. These data should be useful in vancomycin treatment of CAPD patients who have nonperitoneal gram-positive bacterial infections, as well as those who have peritonitis. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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