Age of Speech Onset in Autism Relates to Structural Connectivity in the Language Network
| Autor: | Elise B. Barbeau, Isabelle Soulières, Laurent Mottron, Michael Petrides, Denise Klein, Boris C. Bernhardt |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
media_common.quotation_subject Brain reorganization autism Audiology 050105 experimental psychology White matter 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Neuroimaging Perception Medicine Arcuate fasciculus 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences General Environmental Science media_common Brain organization language speech onset delays business.industry 05 social sciences medicine.disease medicine.anatomical_structure arcuate fasciculus General Earth and Planetary Sciences Autism Original Article diffusion imaging tractography business 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Language network |
| Zdroj: | Cerebral Cortex Communications |
| ISSN: | 2632-7376 |
| Popis: | Speech onset delays (SOD) and language atypicalities are central aspects of the autism spectrum (AS), despite not being included in the categorical diagnosis of AS. Previous studies separating participants according to speech onset history have shown distinct patterns of brain organization and activation in perceptual tasks. One major white matter tract, the arcuate fasciculus (AF), connects the posterior temporal and left frontal language regions. Here, we used anatomical brain imaging to investigate the properties of the AF in adolescent and adult autistic individuals with typical levels of intelligence who differed by age of speech onset. The left AF of the AS group showed a significantly smaller volume than that of the nonautistic group. Such a reduction in volume was only present in the younger group. This result was driven by the autistic group without SOD (SOD−), despite their typical age of speech onset. The autistic group with SOD (SOD+) showed a more typical AF as adults relative to matched controls. This suggests that, along with multiple studies in AS-SOD+ individuals, atypical brain reorganization is observable in the 2 major AS subgroups and that such reorganization applies mostly to the language regions in SOD− and perceptual regions in SOD+ individuals. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|