Serologic Evidence of Lyssavirus Infections among Bats, the Philippines
| Autor: | Alan B. Calaor, Charles E. Rupprecht, Mary Elizabeth Miranda, Jean S. Smith, Paul M. Arguin, Kristy Murray-Lillibridge |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2002 |
| Předmět: |
Male
animal structures Philippines lcsh:Medicine rabies Antibodies Viral medicine.disease_cause Virus lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases Rhabdoviridae Infections Chiroptera medicine Animals lcsh:RC109-216 Antigens Viral Lyssavirus Australian bat lyssavirus biology Transmission (medicine) Research Rabies virus lcsh:R Brain biology.organism_classification medicine.disease Virology Vaccination Fluorescent Antibody Technique Direct Female Rabies |
| Zdroj: | Emerging Infectious Diseases, Vol 8, Iss 3, Pp 258-262 (2002) Emerging Infectious Diseases |
| ISSN: | 1080-6059 1080-6040 |
| Popis: | Active surveillance for lyssaviruses was conducted among populations of bats in the Philippines. The presence of past or current Lyssavirus infection was determined by use of direct fluorescent antibody assays on bat brains and virus neutralization assays on bat sera. Although no bats were found to have active infection with a Lyssavirus, 22 had evidence of neutralizing antibody against the Australian bat lyssavirus (ABLV). Seropositivity was statistically associated with one species of bat, Miniopterus schreibersi. Results from the virus neutralization assays are consistent with the presence in the Philippines of a naturally occurring Lyssavirus related to ABLV. uring the past decade, bats have been associated with a number of newly recognized zoonotic agents, including Hendra, Menangle, Nipah, and Ebola viruses and the Australian bat lyssavirus (ABLV) (1-5). ABLV and classic Rabies virus (RABV) are members of the genus Lyssavirus. These viruses are genetically similar and cause indistinguishable clinical syndromes in infected mammals. In the United States, where endemic canine rabies has been eliminated through vaccination and animal control, bat-associated variants of RABV have accounted for 24 (75%) of the 32 cases of human rabies reported since 1990 (6,7). Of the nearly 30,000 laboratoryconfirmed cases of animal rabies reported worldwide in 1997, 4% were in bats (8). However, not all countries are included in this survey, and surveillance methods vary between countries included in the compilation. Bat-associated rabies cases in humans are likely underreported in this global surveillance report because not all countries report a history of animal exposure or type the virus variants. In the Philippines, where approximately 350 cases of human rabies are diagnosed clinically each year, attribution of the animal associated with the exposure is based on history (8). Previous surveys for rabies in Philippine bats conducted in the 1950s and 1960s failed to document active rabies infection in the animals examined (9,10). The increasingly recognized role of bats in the global maintenance and transmission of viral infections, the recent discovery of rabies among bats in Australia, and the unknown proportion of rabies cases in Southeast Asia potentially attributable to bats prompted this initiation of active surveillance for lyssaviruses in Philippine bat populations. Methods |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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