Gigantic chloroplasts, including bizonoplasts, are common in shade‐adapted species of the ancient vascular plant family Selaginellaceae

Autor: Peter Chesson, Iván A. Valdespino, Chun Lin Huang, Mei Fang Kao, Ho Ming Chang, Jian Wei Liu, Jean Wan Hong Yong, Jia Fang Ho, Ruth Kiew, Clive Chesson, Sauren Das, Yeh Hua Wu, Noris Salazar Allen, Bayu Adjie, Te Yu Guu, Hank Oppenheimer, Chiou-Rong Sheue, Nalini M. Nadkarni, Ane Bakutis, Shau Fu Li, Chin Ting Wu, Peter Saenger
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Zdroj: American Journal of Botany. 107:562-576
ISSN: 1537-2197
0002-9122
Popis: PREMISE Unique among vascular plants, some species of Selaginella have single giant chloroplasts in their epidermal or upper mesophyll cells (monoplastidy, M), varying in structure between species. Structural variants include several forms of bizonoplast with unique dimorphic ultrastructure. Better understanding of these structural variants, their prevalence, environmental correlates and phylogenetic association, has the potential to shed new light on chloroplast biology unavailable from any other plant group. METHODS The chloroplast ultrastructure of 76 Selaginella species was studied with various microscopic techniques. Environmental data for selected species and subgeneric relationships were compared against chloroplast traits. RESULTS We delineated five chloroplast categories: ME (monoplastidy in a dorsal epidermal cell), MM (monoplastidy in a mesophyll cell), OL (oligoplastidy), Mu (multiplastidy, present in the most basal species), and RC (reduced or vestigial chloroplasts). Of 44 ME species, 11 have bizonoplasts, cup-shaped (concave upper zone) or bilobed (basal hinge, a new discovery), with upper zones of parallel thylakoid membranes varying subtly between species. Monoplastidy, found in 49 species, is strongly shade associated. Bizonoplasts are only known in deep-shade species (
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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