The pattern of anthrax at the wildlife-livestock-human interface in Zimbabwe

Autor: Daud N. Ndhlovu, Gift Matope, Alexandre Caron, Michel De Garine-Wichatitsky, Davies M. Pfukenyi, Norman L. Mukarati
Přispěvatelé: University of Zimbabwe (UZ), Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques et Ecosystèmes (UMR ASTRE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Kasetsart University, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (KU), Kasetsart University, Département Systèmes Biologiques (Cirad-BIOS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Eduardo Mondlane University, This work was jointly funded by the Ministere Francais des Affaires Etrangeres through the FSP-RenCaRe project (FSP no 2011/36) run under Research Platform 'Production and Conservation in Partnership' (www.rp-pcp.org), and the University of Zimbabwe Research Board
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Bacterial Diseases
Male
0301 basic medicine
Epidemiology
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
RC955-962
Wildlife
Fièvre charbonneuse
L73 - Maladies des animaux
Pediatrics
Geographical Locations
Medical Conditions
0302 clinical medicine
Zoonoses
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine
Medicine and Health Sciences
Public and Occupational Health
Child
Animal Management
2. Zero hunger
Disease surveillance
Incidence (epidemiology)
Zoonosis
Child Health
Eukaryota
Agriculture
Middle Aged
Infectious Diseases
Geography
Veterinary Diseases
Child
Preschool
Female
Livestock
Public aspects of medicine
RA1-1270
Faune
Research Article
Zimbabwe
Adult
zoonose
Bétail
Adolescent
030231 tropical medicine
relation homme-faune
Bacillus Anthracis
Animals
Wild
Disease Surveillance
Child health
Anthrax
Young Adult
03 medical and health sciences
Environmental health
medicine
Animals
Humans
Surveillance épidémiologique
Transmission des maladies
Herbivore
[SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health
business.industry
Organisms
Public Health
Environmental and Occupational Health
Biology and Life Sciences
Outbreak
L70 - Sciences et hygiène vétérinaires - Considérations générales
15. Life on land
medicine.disease
Bioterrorism
030104 developmental biology
People and Places
Africa
Veterinary Science
business
Zoology
Zdroj: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 14, Iss 10, p e0008800 (2020)
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Public Library of Science, 2020, 14 (10), pp.e0008800. ⟨10.1371/journal.pntd.0008800⟩
ISSN: 1935-2735
1935-2727
Popis: Anthrax is an important but neglected zoonosis in southern Africa and elsewhere which occurs naturally in herbivorous wildlife and livestock. Fatal outbreaks in animals are spaced by potentially extended periods of non-activity during which the bacterium is maintained in soil. The ecology of the pathogen in the multi-host system and the environment is still not fully understood. This study investigated the patterns of anthrax in Zimbabwe in order to better understand the occurrence of disease in susceptible wildlife and livestock and hence its control. The study used available data in governmental reports between 1995 and 2018 and structured interviewer-administered questionnaires of local communities in three porous wildlife-livestock-human interface sites where livestock/wildlife interactions were documented from previous researches. Two non-interface sites were also included for comparison based on known previous anthrax outbreaks. Respondents from non-interface sites had significantly higher odds (χ2 = 23.2, OR = 3.5, 2.1
Author summary Anthrax is an expanding zoonotic and tropical disease which negatively impacts livestock, wildlife and human health ultimately impacting livelihoods and biodiversity conservation. In this work we have shown it to be a serious disease in Zimbabwe where its surveillance and control are sub-optimum even though it is causing serious losses in animals and human health. Observed practices such as the non-burial of infected carcasses subsequently contaminating the environment following anthrax outbreaks in animals, have most likely contributed to its expansion in geographic range and the increase in frequency of outbreaks. Since the late 1970s, the disease status has changed from that causing a low-level mortality in livestock, probably due to underreporting, to a common disease in livestock, wildlife and humans. It is hoped that by quantifying the impact of the disease across livestock, wildlife and human health and livelihoods, and establishing factors responsible for its continued expansion, adequate resources for surveillance and containment of anthrax will be allocated in order to improve rural livelihoods and also enhance wildlife conservation.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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