Heterogeneity in Domestic Water Demand: An Application of Multilevel Analysis to the City of Valencia (Spain)
| Autor: | Vicent Almenar-Llongo, Mónica Maldonado-Devis |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Mixed model
microdata database Geography Planning and Development urban water domestic water demand IRT tariffs multilevel analysis hierarchical analysis mixed model Tariff Aquatic Science Biochemistry Unobservable Order (exchange) Econometrics Valencia TD201-500 Water Science and Technology Consumption (economics) biology Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes Multilevel model Hydraulic engineering biology.organism_classification Geography Scale (social sciences) TC1-978 |
| Zdroj: | Water; Volume 13; Issue 23; Pages: 3400 Water, Vol 13, Iss 3400, p 3400 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 2073-4441 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/w13233400 |
| Popis: | This paper deals with the question of unobservable heterogeneity and problems of scale in urban water demand. For this purpose, the determinants of domestic water consumption and the elasticities were estimated using a hierarchical model. For our empirical analysis, a household level data panel from Valencia (Spain) between 2009 and 2011 was available. Households were assigned to the city neighbourhoods to which they belong, which allowed us to incorporate the intra-urban scale into the analysis. In the estimate, the average price paid by each household in each bimonthly period was used due to the current tariff structure in Valencia. Regarding our results, there were differences in the consumption between the different neighbourhoods that were not independent of the average price paid by households. We found that 27% of the variability in consumption was explained by differences in household behaviour. In addition, an average price-elasticity in Valencia for all periods of −1.868 was obtained as well as a range of elasticities for the different neighbourhoods between (−1.53 and −1.21). From the results obtained, it is possible to extract relevant information for local water managers in order to apply economic instruments, prices and taxes to urban water demand. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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