Novel Cardinium strains in non-marine ostracod (Crustacea) hosts from natural populations
| Autor: | Isa Schön, Tijs Van den Berghe, Takahiro Kamiya, Koenraad Martens, Lynn Van den Broecke |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine Aquatic Organisms 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences DNA sequencing Electron Transport Complex IV 03 medical and health sciences Monophyly Species Specificity Phylogenetics Ostracod Crustacea Genetics Animals Symbiosis Molecular Biology Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics Phylogeny biology Phylogenetic tree Base Sequence Bacteroidetes Diptera Genetic Variation Sequence Analysis DNA Amplicon biology.organism_classification 030104 developmental biology Evolutionary biology Metagenomics Wolbachia |
| Zdroj: | Molecular phylogenetics and evolution. 130 |
| ISSN: | 1095-9513 |
| Popis: | Endosymbiotic bacteria are known from many metazoan taxa, where they manipulate host biology and reproduction. Here, we used classic PCR amplification and direct DNA sequencing with universal primers for four different endosymbionts to test for their presence in more than 300 specimens of three recent non-marine ostracod superfamilies from different geographic areas and aquatic habitats. We verified these results with “high throughput” amplicon sequencing of 16S of nine selected specimens and evolutionary placement algorithms. The phylogenetic position of endosymbionts detected in ostracod hosts was compared to known endosymbionts from other metazoans. While Wolbachia, Spiroplasma and Rickettsia are absent, we find evidence for the general presence of Cardinium bacteria in natural populations of various non-marine ostracod species. Phylogenetic reconstructions based on Cardinium 16S data and estimates of genetic distances both indicate that Cardinium from ostracods are distantly related to Cardinium from Diptera and Nematoda but represent novel strains with a monophyletic origin. Cardinium bacteria from different ostracod hosts have genetic distances of up to 3.8%, providing evidence against recent and frequent horizontal transmissions amongst the three ostracod superfamilies. High throughput sequencing reveals more than 400 different 16S amplicon sequence variants in the investigated ostracods as well as the presence of different Cardinium strains within individual Eucypris virens and Heterocypris hosts. These results call for future, more in-depth investigations. Mapping Cardinium infections on COI trees of non-marine ostracod hosts shows that the occurrence of these endosymbionts is not linked to genetic species identity or phylogenetic host groups and, except for one ostracod morphospecies, prevalence never reaches 100%. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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