Occurrence of Orientia tsutsugamushi, the Etiological Agent of Scrub Typhus in Animal Hosts and Mite Vectors in Areas Reporting Human Cases of Acute Encephalitis Syndrome in the Gorakhpur Region of Uttar Pradesh, India
| Autor: | Kulandaisamy Athisaya Mary, Thirumal Sankari, Narendran Pradeep Kumar, Ayanar Elango, Candasamy Sadanandane, Bhuwan Bhaskar Mishra, Purushothaman Jambulingam, Kummankottil P Paily, Sundararajan Agatheswaran |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Veterinary medicine
Orientia tsutsugamushi Rodent 030231 tropical medicine India Rodentia Trombiculidae Scrub typhus Microbiology 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Zoonoses Virology biology.animal Leptotrombidium deliense Mite medicine Acute Febrile Encephalopathy Animals Humans 030212 general & internal medicine Disease Reservoirs biology Shrews Shrew Outbreak Suncus bacterial infections and mycoses biology.organism_classification medicine.disease Infectious Diseases Scrub Typhus Larva Arachnid Vectors |
| Zdroj: | Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases. 18:539-547 |
| ISSN: | 1557-7759 1530-3667 |
| Popis: | Outbreaks of acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) with high fatality and disability, are reported every year in the Gorakhpur region of Uttar Pradesh, India, with the etiology of60% of the cases being attributed to scrub typhus. In the present study, the prevalence of Orientia tsutsugamushi, the etiological agent of scrub typhus, was investigated among animal hosts and their ectoparasitic trombiculid mites prevalent in AES-reported areas of Gorakhpur. A total of 154 rodents/shrews were collected using 777 Sherman traps set in 12 study villages, and the overall trap rate was 19.8%. In total, 2726 trombiculid mites belonging to 12 species were collected from 154 rodents/shrews trapped. The shrew mouse Suncus murinus was the predominant animal species (78.6%) collected. The principal vector mite Leptotrombidium deliense was the predominant species (82.7%), and its index was 14.6 per animal. Of 114 rodent/shrew sera samples screened through the Weil-Felix test, 57% were positive for antibodies against O. tsutsugamushi. Of 128 blood samples tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), one rodent sample was positive for the gene encoding 56 kDa protein and 25 for 60 kDa. Among 2726 mite samples tested as 315 pools through nested PCR, seven pools were positive for 56 kDa gene. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed circulation of Gilliam, Karp, and TA678 serotypes of O. tsutsugamushi in Gorakhpur. The study clearly demonstrated natural infection of O. tsutsugamushi in both small-animal hosts and vector mites in the AES-reporting villages of Gorakhpur, which confirms transmission of the scrub typhus pathogen in this region. The high infestation rate of L. deliense with O. tsutsugamushi infection indicates that the people living in the rural villages of Gorakhpur are at risk of infection with scrub typhus, which might lead to AES. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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