Skeletal muscle-gut axis: emerging mechanisms of sarcopenia for intestinal and extra intestinal diseases
| Autor: | Cristina Graziani, Alessandro de Sire, Roberto de Sire, Maria Chiara Mentella, Antonio Gasbarrini, Franco Scaldaferri, Gianenrico Rizzatti, Maria Cristina Mele, Valentina Petito, M. Pizzoferrato, Fabio Ingravalle, Loris Riccardo Lopetuso |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Sarcopenia Cachexia Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism Myostatin Gut flora Bioinformatics 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Internal Medicine medicine Humans Muscle Skeletal Protein kinase B Wasting PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway Inflammation Nutrition and Dietetics biology business.industry Gastroenterology Skeletal muscle medicine.disease biology.organism_classification Gastrointestinal Microbiome Gastrointestinal Tract Intestinal Diseases 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis biology.protein medicine.symptom business |
| Zdroj: | Minerva gastroenterologica e dietologica. 64(4) |
| ISSN: | 1827-1642 |
| Popis: | In recent years, there has been an increasing interest on muscle wasting, considering the reduction of quality of life and the increase of morbidity and mortality associated. Sarcopenia and cachexia represent two conditions of reduction of muscle mass, sharing several elements involved in their pathogenesis, such as systemic inflammation, impaired muscle protein synthesis, increased muscle apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle tissue and insulin resistance. These features often characterize cancer, inactivity or denervation, but also inflammatory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, renal failure, cardiac failure, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease and aging in general. The gastrointestinal tract and gut microbiota are thought to be deeply associated with muscle function and metabolism, although the exact mechanisms that link gut with skeletal muscle are still not well known. This review summarized the potential pathways linking gut with muscle, in particular in conditions as sarcopenia and cachexia. The main emerging pathways implicated in the skeletal muscle-gut axis are: the myostatin/activin signaling pathway, the IGF1/PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, which results suppressed, the NF-kB signaling pathway and the FOXO signaling pathway. Further researches in this field are necessary to better explain the linkage between gut microbiota and muscle wasting and the possible emerging therapies associated. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|