The role of gel application in decreasing pain during speculum examination and its effects on papanicolaou smear results

Autor: Selma Cukur, Ikbal Kaygusuz, Tugba Kınay, Serap Simavli
Rok vydání: 2013
Předmět:
patient satisfaction
law.invention
Randomized controlled trial
law
Cytology
middle aged
Lubrication
pain assessment
Medicine
Prospective Studies
Lubricants
Pain Measurement
Vaginal speculum
administration and dosage
article
Obstetrics and Gynecology
analgesia
General Medicine
Middle Aged
Papanicolaou test
Surgical Instruments
postmenopause
female
Lubricant gel
Female
prospective study
Papanicolaou Test
gel
Adult
Smear
medicine.medical_specialty
lubricating agent
premenopause
Pain
Papanicolaou stain
pain measurement
speculum examination
cytopathology
Humans
controlled study
gynecological examination
human
Aged
Vaginal Smears
Numeric pain scale
Postmenopausal women
controlled clinical trial
business.industry
scoring system
Numeric Pain Scale
Surgery
surgical equipment
randomized controlled trial
business
Gels
Water-based gel
rating scale
vagina smear
Zdroj: Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics. 289:809-815
ISSN: 1432-0711
0932-0067
DOI: 10.1007/s00404-013-3047-x
Popis: Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of water-based gel application in reducing pain or discomfort associated with speculum examination, and compared the presence of unsatisfactory Papanicolaou smear results between gel-applied and control groups. Methods: In this prospective randomized controlled study, a total of 1,580 patients were analyzed. The subjects were randomized to a gel group and a control group. For the collection of the smear sample, water-based gel was used in the gel group and dry speculum was used in the control group. All patients were asked to score their pain on a numeric pain scale at two time points during the procedure (insertion and opening phase of speculum). Cytopathologists who analyzed the smear cytology were blinded to the study. Pain intensity during speculum examination, as well as unsatisfactory smear results, were analyzed between the groups. Results: The pain scores obtained at two different time points of speculum application were significantly lower in the gel group compared to the control group both in premenopausal and postmenopausal women (p < 0.001). The ratios of unsatisfactory cytopathologic examination results were 1.13 and 1.39 % for the gel-applied and control groups, which were not significantly different. Conclusion: Lubrication of the outer superior and inferior blade of the plastic vaginal speculum with a small amount of a water-soluble lubricant gel decreases the pain associated with insertion and opening of the vaginal speculum in both premenopausal and postmenopausal women without affecting the quality of the cytology results during the collection of Papanicolaou test specimens. © 2013 Springer-Verlag.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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