Hierarchical Supramolecular Cross-Linking of Polymers for Biomimetic Fracture Energy Dissipating Sacrificial Bonds and Defect Tolerance under Mechanical Loading
| Autor: | Teemu T. T. Myllymäki, Olli Ikkala, Laura Lemetti, Nonappa |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | Department of Applied Physics, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Molecular Materials, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University |
| Rok vydání: | 2022 |
| Předmět: |
chemistry.chemical_classification
Acrylate polymer Toughness Materials science Nanocomposite ta114 Polymers and Plastics Organic Chemistry Supramolecular chemistry Fracture mechanics 02 engineering and technology 010402 general chemistry 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology Methacrylate 01 natural sciences 0104 chemical sciences Inorganic Chemistry Supramolecular polymers chemistry.chemical_compound Brittleness chemistry Materials Chemistry Composite material 0210 nano-technology |
| Zdroj: | ACS macro letters. 6(3) |
| ISSN: | 2161-1653 |
| Popis: | openaire: EC/FP7/291364/EU//MIMEFUN Biological structural materials offer fascinating models how to synergistically increase the solid-state defect tolerance, toughness, and strength using nanocomposite structures by incorporating different levels of supramolecular sacrificial bonds to dissipate fracture energy. Inspired thereof, we show how to turn a commodity acrylate polymer, characteristically showing a brittle solid state fracture, to become defect tolerant manifesting noncatastrophic crack propagation by incorporation of different levels of fracture energy dissipating supramolecular interactions. Therein, poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA) is a feasible model polymer showing brittle solid state fracture in spite of a high maximum strain and clear yielding, where the weak hydroxyl group mediated hydrogen bonds do not suffice to dissipate fracture energy. We provide the next level stronger supramolecular interactions toward solid-state networks by postfunctionalizing a minor part of the HEMA repeat units using 2-ureido-4[1H]-pyrimidinone (UPy), capable of forming four strong parallel hydrogen bonds. Interestingly, such a polymer, denoted here as p(HEMA-co-UPyMA), shows toughening by suppressed catastrophic crack propagation, even if the strength and stiffness are synergistically increased. At the still higher hierarchical level, colloidal level cross-linking using oxidized carbon nanotubes with hydrogen bonding surface decorations, including UPy, COOH, and OH groups, leads to further increased stiffness and ultimate strength, still leading to suppressed catastrophic crack propagation. The findings suggest to incorporate a hierarchy of supramolecular groups of different interactions strengths upon pursuing toward biomimetic toughening. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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