Oral Mucositis: An Update on Innate Immunity and New Interventional Targets
| Autor: | Brian M. Chang, Anh D. Le, Qunzhou Zhang, Chider Chen, W. Yu |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Mucositis medicine.medical_treatment Reviews 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine medicine Humans Microbiome General Dentistry Tissue homeostasis Stomatitis Innate immune system business.industry Head and neck cancer Cancer Immunotherapy Chemoradiotherapy medicine.disease Immunity Innate 030104 developmental biology Head and Neck Neoplasms 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis Immunology Dysbiosis Oral Microbiome business |
| Zdroj: | J Dent Res |
| ISSN: | 1544-0591 |
| Popis: | Oral mucositis (OM), a common debilitating toxicity associated with chemo- and radiation therapies, is a significant unmet clinical need for head and neck cancer patients. The biological complexities of chemoradiotherapy-induced OM involve interactions among disrupted tissue structures, inflammatory infiltrations, and oral microbiome, whereby several master inflammatory pathways constitute the complicated regulatory networks. Oral mucosal damages triggered by chemoradiotherapy-induced cell apoptosis were further exacerbated by the amplified inflammatory cascades dominantly governed by the innate immune responses. The coexistence of microbiome and innate immune components in oral mucosal barriers indicates that a signaling hub coordinates the interaction between environmental cues and host cells during tissue and immune homeostasis. Dysbiotic shifts in oral microbiota caused by cytotoxic cancer therapies may also contribute to the progression and severity of chemoradiotherapy-induced OM. In this review, we have updated the mechanisms involving innate immunity-governed inflammatory cascades in the pathobiology of chemoradiotherapy-induced OM and the development of new interventional targets for the management of this severe morbidity in head and neck cancer patients. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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