Directing neuronal cell fate in vitro: Achievements and challenges
Autor: | Raul Delgado-Morales, Renzo J. M. Riemens, D.L.A. van den Hove, Manel Esteller |
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Rok vydání: | 2017 |
Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Epigenomics Pluripotent Stem Cells Cell type Malalties cerebrals Biology Cell fate determination In Vitro Techniques Regenerative medicine ADULT HUMAN FIBROBLASTS DIRECT CONVERSION 03 medical and health sciences Directed differentiation PARKINSONS-DISEASE MOUSE EMBRYONIC STEM FUNCTIONAL DOPAMINERGIC-NEURONS Animals EPIGENETIC REGULATION Induced pluripotent stem cell Brain disorders Somatic cells Neurons Transdifferentiation SPINAL MOTOR-NEURONS Drug discovery General Neuroscience Cell Differentiation Epigenètica Cellular Reprogramming NEURAL SUBTYPE SPECIFICATION 030104 developmental biology Neuronal differentiation Disease modelling Epigenetics Brain diseases PLURIPOTENT STEM-CELLS Neuroscience Reprogramming Transcription Factors |
Zdroj: | Progress in Neurobiology Dipòsit Digital de la UB Universidad de Barcelona Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya instname |
ISSN: | 1873-5118 |
Popis: | Human pluripotent stem cell (PSC) technology and direct somatic cell reprogramming have opened up a promising new avenue in the field of neuroscience. These recent advances allow researchers to obtain virtually any cell type found in the human brain, making it possible to produce and study functional neurons in laboratory conditions for both scientific and medical purposes. Although distinct approaches have shown to be successful in directing neuronal cell fate in vitro, their refinement and optimization, as well as the search for alternative approaches, remains necessary to help realize the full potential of the eventually derived neuronal populations. Furthermore, we are currently limited in the number of neuronal subtypes whose induction is fully established, and different cultivation protocols for each subtype exist, making it challenging to increase the reproducibility and decrease the variances that are observed between different protocols. In this review, we summarize the progress that has been made in generating various neuronal subtypes from PSCs and somatic cells, with special emphasis on chemically defined systems, transcription factor-mediated reprogramming and epigenetic-based approaches. We also discuss the efforts that are being made to increase the efficiency of current protocols and address the potential for the use of these cells in disease modelling, drug discovery and regenerative medicine. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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