| Popis: |
Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) materials and their integration with reinforced concrete (r.c.) structural systems represent an important strategy in the design of protective and performance-enhancing technologies for bridges subjected to a variety of extreme loads. This chapter discusses applications of FRPs as retrofits to bridge designs for use in mitigating the negative response and damage from seismic, blast, and other loading events, within the context of large-scale testing performed over three decades at the Powell Structural Research Laboratories at the University of California, San Diego. This overview includes structural elements such as reinforced concrete columns and superstructure elements for bridges. The applications treated include retrofits and repairs of existing structures and for new constructions. The FRP material systems considered consist of carbon, aramid, or glass fibers in epoxy or matrices. The fabrication methods associated with these FRPs include field wet lay-up or spray-up-generated composite overlays using fabrics, strips, and nets. A number of example applications of the FRP technologies are considered and references to code details are included. |
