Identification of Microcystis aeruginosa Peptides Responsible for Allergic Sensitization and Characterization of Functional Interactions between Cyanobacterial Toxins and Immunogenic Peptides

Autor:	Jonathan A. Bernstein, Debajyoti Ghosh, Gerard N. Stelma, Esmond Geh, Melanie McKell, Armah A. de la Cruz
Rok vydání:	2015
Předmět:	Microcystis Microcystins Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Bacterial Toxins Microcystin 010501 environmental sciences Immunoglobulin E 01 natural sciences Microbiology Allergic sensitization 03 medical and health sciences Cell Line Tumor Phycocyanin polycyclic compounds Animals Humans Microcystis aeruginosa 030304 developmental biology 0105 earth and related environmental sciences chemistry.chemical_classification 0303 health sciences Cyanobacteria Toxins biology Research Immunogenicity Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Allergens Cytotoxicity Tests Immunologic biology.organism_classification beta-N-Acetylhexosaminidases Basophils Rats 3. Good health chemistry biology.protein Marine Toxins Peptides human activities Marine toxin
Zdroj:	Environmental Health Perspectives
ISSN:	1552-9924 0091-6765
Popis:	Background The cyanobacterium species Microcystis aeruginosa produces microcystin and an array of diverse metabolites believed responsible for their toxicity and/or immunogenicity. Previously, chronic rhinitis patients were demonstrated to elicit a specific IgE response to nontoxic strains of M. aeruginosa by skin-prick testing, indicating that cyanobacteria allergenicity resides in a non-toxin–producing component of the organism. Objectives We sought to identify and characterize M. aeruginosa peptide(s) responsible for allergic sensitization in susceptible individuals, and we investigated the functional interactions between cyanobacterial toxins and their coexpressed immunogenic peptides. Methods Sera from patients and extracts from M. aeruginosa toxic [MC(+)] and nontoxic [MC(–)] strains were used to test IgE-specific reactivity by direct and indirect ELISAs; 2D gel electrophoresis, followed by immunoblots and mass spectrometry (MS), was performed to identify the relevant sensitizing peptides. Cytotoxicity and mediator release assays were performed using the MC(+) and MC(–) lysates. Results We found specific IgE to be increased more in response to the MC(–) strain than the MC(+) strain. This response was inhibited by preincubation of MC(–) lysate with increasing concentrations of microcystin. MS revealed that phycocyanin and the core-membrane linker peptide are the responsible allergens, and MC(–) extracts containing these proteins induced β-hexosaminidase release in rat basophil leukemia cells. Conclusions Phycobiliprotein complexes in M. aeruginosa have been identified as the relevant sensitizing proteins. Our finding that allergenicity is inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by microcystin toxin suggests that further investigation is warranted to understand the interplay between immunogenicity and toxicity of cyanobacteria under diverse environmental conditions. Citation Geh EN, Ghosh D, McKell M, de la Cruz AA, Stelma G, Bernstein JA. 2015. Identification of Microcystis aeruginosa peptides responsible for allergic sensitization and characterization of functional interactions between cyanobacterial toxins and immunogenic peptides. Environ Health Perspect 123:1159–1166; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1409065
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
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