Xylo-Oligosaccharides in Prevention of Hepatic Steatosis and Adipose Tissue Inflammation: Associating Taxonomic and Metabolomic Patterns in Fecal Microbiomes with Biclustering
| Autor: | Tim Garrels, Elina Mäkinen, Jukka Hintikka, Sanna Lensu, Jere Lindén, Sira Karvinen, Marjaana Honkanen, Leo Lahti, Satu Pekkala |
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| Přispěvatelé: | HYKS erva, Veterinary Pathology and Parasitology, Veterinary Biosciences |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Male
DOWN-REGULATION suolistomikrobisto Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis medicine.medical_treatment Oligosaccharides PROTEIN Adipose tissue lcsh:Medicine Gut flora biclustering GLUCOSE 0302 clinical medicine AMINO-ACIDS xylo-oligosaccharides aineenvaihdunta metabolites 2. Zero hunger INSULIN-RESISTANCE 0303 health sciences microRNA high fat diet 1184 Genetics developmental biology physiology 3142 Public health care science environmental and occupational health 3. Good health CHAIN FATTY-ACIDS Adipose Tissue Liver B-CELLS OBESITY 1181 Ecology evolutionary biology 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology medicine.symptom medicine.medical_specialty Inflammation Biology Diet High-Fat Article 03 medical and health sciences Metabolomics prebiootit LIVER-DISEASE Internal medicine Metabolome medicine Animals biochemistry Rats Wistar 1172 Environmental sciences 030304 developmental biology gut microbiota Prebiotic lcsh:R Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health non-alcoholic fatty liver disease ACETYL-COA CARBOXYLASE ksylo-oligosakkaridit biology.organism_classification medicine.disease rotta (laji) Fatty Liver rats Insulin receptor Endocrinology ei-alkoholiperäinen rasvamaksasairaus 3121 General medicine internal medicine and other clinical medicine biology.protein aineenvaihduntatuotteet koe-eläinmallit Steatosis mikro-RNA |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 18, Iss 4049, p 4049 (2021) International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Volume 18 Issue 8 |
| ISSN: | 1661-7827 1660-4601 |
| Popis: | We have shown that prebiotic xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) increased beneficial gut microbiota (GM) and prevented high fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis, but the mechanisms associated with these effects are not clear. We studied whether XOS affects adipose tissue inflammation and insulin signaling, and whether the GM and fecal metabolome explain associated patterns. XOS was supplemented or not with high (HFD) or low (LFD) fat diet for 12 weeks in male Wistar rats (n = 10/group). Previously analyzed GM and fecal metabolites were biclustered to reduce data dimensionality and identify interpretable groups of co-occurring genera and metabolites. Based on our findings, biclustering provides a useful algorithmic method for capturing such joint signatures. On the HFD, XOS-supplemented rats showed lower number of adipose tissue crown-like structures, increased phosphorylation of AKT in liver and adipose tissue as well as lower expression of hepatic miRNAs. XOS-supplemented rats had more fecal glycine and less hypoxanthine, isovalerate, branched chain amino acids and aromatic amino acids. Several bacterial genera were associated with the metabolic signatures. In conclusion, the beneficial effects of XOS on hepatic steatosis involved decreased adipose tissue inflammation and likely improved insulin signaling, which were further associated with fecal metabolites and GM. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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