Age-Stratified Profiles of Serum IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α Cytokines among Kenyan Children with Schistosoma haematobium, Plasmodium falciparum, and Other Chronic Parasitic Co-infections
| Autor: | Charles H. King, Eric M. Muchiri, Jessica K. Fairley, Adam S. DuVall, Amaya L. Bustinduy, Indu Malhotra, Peter Mungai, Laura J. Sutherland, Alicia Chang-Cojulun, Uriel Kitron, Francis M. Mutuku |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Adolescent 030231 tropical medicine Plasmodium falciparum Antibodies Helminth Antibodies Protozoan Schistosomiasis 03 medical and health sciences Hookworm Infections Schistosomiasis haematobia Young Adult 0302 clinical medicine Blood serum Age Distribution Virology parasitic diseases medicine Animals Humans Young adult Malaria Falciparum Child 030304 developmental biology Schistosoma 2. Zero hunger Schistosoma haematobium 0303 health sciences biology Geography Coinfection Interleukin-6 Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Articles medicine.disease biology.organism_classification Kenya 3. Good health Interleukin-10 Infectious Diseases Child Preschool Immunology Cytokines Parasitology Female Malaria |
| ISSN: | 0002-9637 |
| Popis: | In a study of children having polyparasitic infections in a Schistosoma haematobium-endemic area, we examined the hypothesis that S. haematobium-positive children, compared with S. haematobium-negative children (anti-soluble worm antigen preparation [SWAP] negative and egg negative) have increased systemic production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-6, tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α) and decreased down-regulatory IL-10. A total of 804 children, 2-19 years of age, were surveyed between July and December 2009 and tested for S. haematobium, Plasmodium falciparum, filariasis, and soil-transmitted helminth infections. Plasma levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10 were compared for S. haematobium-positive and S. haematobium-negative children, adjusting for malaria, filaria, and hookworm co-infections, and for nutritional status, age group, sex, and geographic location. IL-10 was significantly elevated among children infected with S. haematobium, showing bimodal peaks in 7-8 and 13-14 years age groups. IL-10 was also higher among children who were acutely malnourished, whereas IL-10 levels were lower in the presence of S. haematobium-filaria co-infection. After adjustment for co-factors, IL-6 was significantly elevated among children of 5-6 years and among those with P. falciparum infection. Lower levels of IL-6 were found in malaria-hookworm co-infection. High levels of TNF-α were found in children aged 11-12 years regardless of infection status. In addition, village of residence was a strong predictor of IL-6 and IL-10 plasma levels. In adolescent children infected with S. haematobium, there is an associated elevation in circulating IL-10 that may reduce the risk of later morbidity. Although we did not find a direct link between S. haematobium infection and circulating pro-inflammatory IL-6 and TNF-α levels, future T-cell stimulation studies may provide more conclusive linkages between infection and cytokine responses in settings that are endemic for multiple parasites and multiple co-infections. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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