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In the current investigation an attempt has been made to appraise the efficacy of neem leaf, stem and bark aqueous extract on germination and morphological parameters of Phaseolus vulgaris. The extract of neem leaf, stem and bark showed both inhibitory and stimulatory activity on germination, shoot length, root length, seed vigour and tolerance index of bean seedlings. All the above parameters were found to be decreased with increase in the concentration of aqueous leaf, stem and bark extracts except in 5% concentration when compared to control. The maximum and minimum value was observed for all these parameters in 5% and 25% concentration respectively except for percent toxicity and dry weight. The toxicity was very insignificant in 5% and maximum dry weight observed in 25% concentration when compared to control. The result of the present study implies both inhibitory and stimulatory effects of neem leaf, stem and bark extracts, that may be due to the presence of some allelochemicals. Key words: Neem, Phaseolus, vigour, germination. REFERENCES Ozturk, U. R. and Tarhan, L. 2012. The relationship between the antioxidant system and phycocyanin production in Spirulina maxima with respect to nitrate concentration. Turk. J. Bot. 36: 369–377. Hambleton, S. Tsuneda, A. Currah, R.S. 2003. Comparative morphology and phylogenetic placement of two microsclerotial black fungi from Sphagnum. Mycologia 95: 959–975. Abdul-Baki, A.A. and Anderson, J.D. 1973. Vigour determination of soyabean seed by multiple criteria. Crop. Sci. 13(6): 630-633. Agarwal, R.L. 1994. Seed technology. Oxford and IBH publishing co. New Delhi. Al-Charchafchi, F., Al-Nabhani, I., Al-Kharousi, H., Al-Quraini, F., Al-Hanai, A. 2007. Effect of aqueous extract of Azadirachta indica (neem) leaves on germination and seedling growth of Vigna radiata L. Pak. J. Bio. Sci. 10: 3885-3889. Ashrafi, Z.Y., Mashhadi, H.R., Sadeghi, S. 2007. Allelopathic effects of barley (Hordeum ulgare) on germination and growth of wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum). Pak. J. Weed Sci. Res 13: 99-112. Batish, D.R., Singh, H.P., Kohli, R.K., Kaur, S. 2001. Crop allelopathy and its role in ecological agriculture. In RKKohli, P.S. Harminder, and D.R. Batish (ed.) Allelopathy in Agro ecosystems. Products Press, New York. 1: 121-162. Chiou, C.H. and Muller, C.H. 1972. Allelopathic Mechanism of Archtostaphylous glandulosa Variety Zazaeisis, Am. Mid. Nat. 88: 324-347. Inderjit, 1996. Plant phenolics in allelopathy. Botanical Review 62: 186-202. ISTA, 1985. International rules for seed testing. Seed Sci. and Technol. 13: 361-513. Jeffrey, H. 2007. Khmer Rouge Irrigation Development in Cambodia. Phnom Penh. Kamal, J. and Bano, A. 2009. Efficacy of allelopathy of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) on physiology of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). African J. Biotec. 8(15): 3555-3559. Kanaga, A., Muniyammal, P. and Manonmani, R. 2012. Suppressive effects of aqueous extractsof Neem (Melia Azadirachta L.) on some initial growth parameters of Cow Pea and Horse Gram. J. Pharma Sci. 2(5):185-187 .< >Lisanework, N., Michelen, A. 1993. Allelopathy in agro forestry systems. The effects of leaf extract of Eucalyptus species on three crops. Agro-Fores. Sys. 21(1): 63-74.Mahall, B.E. and Callaway, R.M. 1991. Root communication among desert shrubs. |
