Phosphorus leakage from fisheries sector – A case study in Thailand
| Autor: | Nuchnapa Prathumchai, Andrew J. Englande, Chongchin Polprasert |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Crops
Agricultural 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Fisheries Fresh Water Aquaculture 010501 environmental sciences Toxicology 01 natural sciences Food Supply Animals Ecosystem Leakage (economics) Water pollution 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Consumption (economics) Food security business.industry Water Pollution Phosphorus General Medicine Thailand Pollution Fishery Work (electrical) Agriculture business Water Pollutants Chemical |
| Zdroj: | Environmental Pollution. 219:967-975 |
| ISSN: | 0269-7491 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.09.081 |
| Popis: | Although phosphorus (P) is an essential element needed for all lives, excess P can be harmful to the environment. The objective of this study aims to determine P flows in the fisheries sector of Thailand consisting of both sea and freshwater activities of captures and cultures. Currently, the annual fisheries catch averages 3.44 ± 0.50 Mt. Most comes from marine capture 1.95 ± 0.46 Mt, followed by coastal aquaculture 0.78 ± 0.09 Mt, freshwater aquaculture 0.49 ± 0.05 Mt, and inland capture 0.22 ± 0.01 Mt. Of this total, about 11% is contained in fresh products directly sold in local markets for consumption, while 89% is sent to processing factories prior to being sold in local markets and exported. The quantities of P entering the fisheries sector come from captures, import of fisheries products and feed produced from agriculture. This P input to the fisheries sector is found to average 28,506 t P.y −1 based on the past ten-year records. Of this total, P input from captures accounts for 76%; while, 11% represents aquatic feeds from agriculture and animal manures. About 13% is obtained from the imports of fishery products. Coastal and freshwater aquacultures are found to be P consumers because their feeds are almost all produced from agricultural crops grown inland. Moreover, these activities cause most of P losses, approximately 10,188 t P·y −1 , which account for 89% of the total P loss from the fisheries sector. Overall, P in the fisheries sector is found to mobilize through three channels: (a) 44% is consumed within the country; (b) about 16% is exported; and, (c) 40% is lost from the ecosystem. Based on the results of this work it is recommended that future research be directed on ways to minimize P loss and maximize P recycle in Thailand's fisheries sector as to enhance its food security and curtail water pollution. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|
Full Text from ScienceDirect