Diet-induced cellular neuroinflammation in the hypothalamus: Mechanistic insights from investigation of neurons and microglia
| Autor: | Erika K. Tse, Dean Q. Tran, Mun Heui Kim, Denise D. Belsham |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
medicine.medical_specialty Hypothalamus Inflammation Biology Diet High-Fat Biochemistry Energy homeostasis 03 medical and health sciences Endocrinology Arcuate nucleus Internal medicine medicine Animals Humans Molecular Biology Neuroinflammation Neurons Arc (protein) Microglia food and beverages 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure Synaptic plasticity Saturated fatty acid medicine.symptom Energy Metabolism Neuroscience |
| Zdroj: | Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology. 438:18-26 |
| ISSN: | 0303-7207 |
| Popis: | Diet-induced obesity can lead to detrimental chronic disorders. The severity of this global epidemic has encouraged ongoing research to characterize the mechanisms underlying obesity and its comorbidities. Recent evidence suggests that saturated fatty acids (SFA) in high-fat diets rapidly generate inflammation in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (ARC), which centrally regulates whole-body energy homeostasis. Herein, we will review the roles of hypothalamic neurons and resident microglia in the initiation of SFA-induced hypothalamic inflammation. Particularly, we focus on neuronal and microglial free fatty acid-sensing and capacity to produce inflammatory signaling. We also outline a potential role of peripherally-derived monocytes in this inflammation. And finally, we explore synaptic plasticity as a mechanism through which hypothalamic inflammation can modulate ARC circuitry, and thus disrupt energy homeostasis. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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