An ELISA based on soluble egg antigens for the serodiagnosis of animal schistosomiasis turkestanica

Autor: Hao Li, Xueqiang Sun, Yang Hong, Danqu Lamu, Chenyang Xia, Ke Lu, Shi Bin, Ji Rongyi, Jian-Zhi Liu, Tang Wenqiang, Yuanxi Shen, Lanqi Zhang, Chuangang Zhu
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
0301 basic medicine
Veterinary medicine
Prevalence
Tibet
Schistosoma japonicum
Serology
0302 clinical medicine
Medicine and Health Sciences
Schistosomiasis
Parasite hosting
Enzyme-Linked Immunoassays
Materials
Cross Reactivity
Mammals
Infectivity
Multidisciplinary
Goats
Eukaryota
Ruminants
Helminth Infections
Vertebrates
Physical Sciences
Schistosoma
Small Intestine
Engineering and Technology
Medicine
Anatomy
Research Article
Neglected Tropical Diseases
Science
Immunology
Materials Science
030231 tropical medicine
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Cross Reactions
Biology
Research and Analysis Methods
Sensitivity and Specificity
03 medical and health sciences
Coatings
Helminths
Parasitic Diseases
medicine
Animals
Serologic Tests
Immunoassays
Feces
Ovum
Goat Diseases
Surface Treatments
Organisms
Biology and Life Sciences
Tropical Diseases
medicine.disease
biology.organism_classification
Invertebrates
Gastrointestinal Tract
030104 developmental biology
Manufacturing Processes
Antigens
Helminth
Amniotes
Immunologic Techniques
Digestive System
Zdroj: PLoS ONE, Vol 15, Iss 1, p e0228184 (2020)
PLoS ONE
ISSN: 1932-6203
Popis: Background The existing diagnostic techniques for detecting schistosomiasis turkestanica, such as aetiological assays, identify infection by parasitic worms via the incubation of miracidia from faeces or observing eggs under microscopy. However, they are limited in the diagnosis of low-grade and prepatent infections, which lead to a high misdetection rates. Therefore, a new method for parasite diagnosis with increased sensitivity is urgently needed. Methods Goats in Nimu County (Tibet, China) infected with Schistosoma turkestanicum in an epidemic area were selected according positivity for the infection by faecal examination. Adult worms were collected, eggs were extracted by the sodium hydroxide (NaOH) erosion method, and soluble worm antigen preparation (SWAP) and soluble egg antigen (SEA) were isolated. The best coating concentration of the antigens and the best degree of dilution for serum were determined by square array experiments, and the optimal blocking solution and serum diluents were selected. The specificity, sensitivity and crossover of the ELISA method were determined using 48 samples of goat sera positive for S. turkestanicum, 100 samples of goat sera negative for S. turkestanicum, and 54 samples of buffalo sera positive for S. japonicum. Serological assays were established with samples from goats naturally grazed in a rural area of Nimu County, Tibet Province, by using the indirect ELISA method for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis, and faeces were collected for miracidia hatching. The sensitivity of the two detection methods was compared. Results Eggs of S. turkestanicum were distributed in the host duodenum and small intestine. Eggs in the host intestinal wall were extracted by the NaOH erosion method, which provided intact eggs with reduced impurities. The testing results obtained by isolating SEA were more stable than those obtained by using SWAP and less affected by the coating concentration and serum dilution. Additionally, the value of positive serum/negative (P/N) serum for SEA was much higher than that for SWAP. The optimal coating concentration of SEA was 0.5 μg/ml, and the optimal serum dilution was 1:100. The specificity and sensitivity of the indirect ELISA based on SEA (S. turkestanicum) were both 100%, and no cross-reactivity was found with schistosomiasis japonica. An epidemiological survey of goats in naturally infected areas showed that the prevalence rate of schistosomiasis turkestanica was 93%, and the infection rate increased with the ages of the goats. Conclusion We aimed to develop a sensitive method to utilize in the mass field screening of livestock. As a diagnostic antigen, SEA (S. turkestanicum) was more suitable for serological testing than SWAP (S. turkestanicum). The indirect ELISA using SEA (S. turkestanicum) exhibited good sensitivity, specificity and no cross-reactivity with schistosomiasis japonica. The degree of infectivity and prevalence of S. turkestanicum infection in endemic areas are serious and should be a focus of concern among local departments.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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