The neural basis for categorization in semantic memory
| Autor: | Corey T. McMillan, Peachie Moore, Christian DeVita, Guila Glosser, Murray Grossman, Phyllis Koenig, Edward E. Smith |
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| Rok vydání: | 2002 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Adolescent Cognitive Neuroscience Interference theory Decision Making Posterior parietal cortex Gyrus Cinguli Discrimination Learning Imaging Three-Dimensional medicine Image Processing Computer-Assisted Reaction Time Semantic memory Humans Problem Solving Cerebral Cortex Brain Mapping medicine.diagnostic_test Working memory Verbal Learning Executive functions Magnetic Resonance Imaging Semantics Neurology Categorization Mental Recall Female Caudate Nucleus Nerve Net Functional magnetic resonance imaging Consumer neuroscience Psychology Cognitive psychology |
| Zdroj: | NeuroImage. 17(3) |
| ISSN: | 1053-8119 |
| Popis: | We asked young adults to categorize written object descriptions into one of two categories, based on a rule or on overall similarity, while we monitored regional brain activity with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We found significantly greater recruitment of left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for rule-based categorization in direct comparison with similarity-based categorization. Recruitment of right ventral frontal cortex and thalamus was uniquely associated with rule-based categorization as well. These observations lend support to the claim that executive functions such as working memory, inhibitory control, and selective attention contribute to rule-based categorization. Right inferior parietal activation was uniquely associated with similarity-based categorization. This region may play an important role in overall feature configuration that is important for this form of categorization. We found other brain regions recruited for both rule-based and similarity-based categorization: Anterior cingulate cortex may support the implementation of executive functions during situations with competing response alternatives; and left inferior parietal cortex may be related to the integration of feature knowledge about objects represented in modality-specific association cortices. We also administered a degraded-similarity condition where the task of categorizing a written object description was made more difficult by perceptually degrading the stimulus materials. The degraded condition and the rule-based condition, but not the similarity-based condition, were associated with caudate activation. The caudate may support resource demands that are not specific for a particular categorization process. These findings associate partially distinct large-scale neural networks with different forms of categorization in semantic memory. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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