Sulfur-Containing Chitin and Chitosan Derivatives as Trace Metal Adsorbents: A Review
| Autor: | Soon Kong Yong, Nanthi Bolan, William Skinner, Eric Guibal, Enzo Lombi |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Yong, SK, Bolan, NS, Lombi, E, Skinner, W, Guibal, E |
| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
Environmental Engineering
chemistry.chemical_element macromolecular substances chitin Chitosan Metal chemistry.chemical_compound Chitin Organic chemistry crosslinking Epichlorohydrin Solubility Waste Management and Disposal wastewater remediation Water Science and Technology Chemistry technology industry and agriculture heavy metal Pollution Sulfur carbohydrates (lipids) sulfur visual_art visual_art.visual_art_medium Amine gas treating Glutaraldehyde chitosan |
| Zdroj: | Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology. 43:1741-1794 |
| ISSN: | 1547-6537 1064-3389 |
| Popis: | Chitosan has low uptake for most heavy metals as well as high solubility in monoprotic acids. To address these problems, sulfur-containing functional groups have been introduced to enhance the sorption of heavy metals via formation of strong coordination bonds with heavy metals and also to improve its stability. The approaches to sulfur enrichment to the chitosan structure include grafting of sulfur-containing molecules to C2 amine or C6 hydroxyl groups. Crosslinking and grafting agents such as glutaraldehyde and epichlorohydrin have also been used in chitosan modification. In this review, special emphasis is placed on the synthesis pathways of sulfur-functionalization of chitin and chitosan and their metal uptakes. Generally, the uptake of soft acid metals such as Hg(II) and Cd(II) has been shown to increase with increasing sulfur content of modified chitosan. However, other factors such as the availability of thiol and amine groups as well as surface area of the modified chitosan also influence metal sorption. Refereed/Peer-reviewed |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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