Epstein-Barr virus-positive gastric cancer: a distinct molecular subtype of the disease?
Autor: | Alexandre A. Jácome, Gabriela Freitas Chaves, Diego Cavalheiro de Mendonça, José Sebastião dos Santos, Ana Izabela Kazzi, Marina Mara Maciel, Enaldo Melo de Lima |
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Rok vydání: | 2015 |
Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Microbiology (medical) Epigenomics Epstein-Barr Virus Infections lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine lcsh:RC955-962 Stomach neoplasms Disease Biology Adenocarcinoma Virus Malignant transformation Epigenesis Genetic 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Stomach Neoplasms Chromosome instability medicine Humans Molecular targeted therapy Epigenetics Epstein–Barr virus infection Cancer Genomics medicine.disease Gene Expression Regulation Neoplastic 030104 developmental biology Infectious Diseases 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis Immunology Parasitology GENÔMICA Epstein-Barr virus infections |
Zdroj: | Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical, Vol 49, Iss 2, Pp 150-157 (2016) Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical v.49 n.2 2016 Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical (SBMT) instacron:SBMT Repositório Institucional da USP (Biblioteca Digital da Produção Intelectual) Universidade de São Paulo (USP) instacron:USP Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical, Volume: 49, Issue: 2, Pages: 150-157, Published: APR 2016 |
ISSN: | 1678-9849 |
Popis: | Approximately 90% of the world population is infected by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Usually, it infects B lymphocytes, predisposing them to malignant transformation. Infection of epithelial cells occurs rarely, and it is estimated that about to 10% of gastric cancer patients harbor EBV in their malignant cells. Given that gastric cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with a global annual incidence of over 950,000 cases, EBV-positive gastric cancer is the largest group of EBV-associated malignancies. Based on gene expression profile studies, gastric cancer was recently categorized into four subtypes; EBV-positive, microsatellite unstable, genomically stable and chromosomal instability. Together with previous studies, this report provided a more detailed molecular characterization of gastric cancer, demonstrating that EBV-positive gastric cancer is a distinct molecular subtype of the disease, with unique genetic and epigenetic abnormalities, reflected in a specific phenotype. The recognition of characteristic molecular alterations in gastric cancer allows the identification of molecular pathways involved in cell proliferation and survival, with the potential to identify therapeutic targets. These findings highlight the enormous heterogeneity of gastric cancer, and the complex interplay between genetic and epigenetic alterations in the disease, and provide a roadmap to implementation of genome-guided personalized therapy in gastric cancer. The present review discusses the initial studies describing EBV-positive gastric cancer as a distinct clinical entity, presents recently described genetic and epigenetic alterations, and considers potential therapeutic insights derived from the recognition of this new molecular subtype of gastric adenocarcinoma. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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