Investigating natural attenuation of pharmaceuticals through unsaturated column tests

Autor: Claus Kohfahl, Raffaella Meffe, V. Martínez-Hernández, Irene de Bustamante
Rok vydání: 2017
Předmět:
Naproxen
Environmental Engineering
Sulfamethoxazole
Health
Toxicology and Mutagenesis
0208 environmental biotechnology
02 engineering and technology
Wastewater
pharmaceuticals
010501 environmental sciences
Waste Disposal
Fluid
unsaturated zone
01 natural sciences
Soil
chemistry.chemical_compound
Caffeine
Vadose zone
medicine
Soil Pollutants
Environmental Chemistry
Acetaminophen
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Chromatography
Chemistry
transformation products
Public Health
Environmental and Occupational Health
Q Science (General)
natural attenuation
General Medicine
General Chemistry
Carbamazepine
Contamination
QD Chemistry
Pollution
020801 environmental engineering
Kinetics
QE Geology
Infiltration (hydrology)
Nonlinear Dynamics
Pharmaceutical Preparations
Environmental chemistry
Sewage treatment
Water Pollutants
Chemical
medicine.drug
Zdroj: Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
instname
ISSN: 0045-6535
Popis: The growing consumption of pharmaceuticals together with their incomplete removal in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) implies the occurrence of these compounds in natural water resources. To investigate the natural attenuation of selected pharmaceuticals (caffeine, acetaminophen, sulfamethoxazole, naproxen and carbamazepine) during vadose zone infiltration, unsaturated column (L 26.67 cm, Ø 7.62 cm) experiments, filled with a sandy-loamy soil, were performed using two input concentrations (100 and 1000 μg L−1). The software Hydrus 1D was used to simulate experimental data. Caffeine and acetaminophen were never detected at the column outlet indicating a low environmental concern. On the other hand, attenuation of the detected pharmaceuticals could be reproduced by a combination of retardation and removal approaches. Carbamazepine is among the selected contaminants the most persistent. A dependence of removal rates on input concentrations was detected for sulfamethoxazole (μw from 2.78 d−1 to 1.16 d−1) and naproxen (μw from 1.16 d−1 to 0.63 d−1) attributed mainly to decreased metabolism of microorganisms when a higher input concentration is applied. Two transformation products (TPs) (N4-Acetylsulfamethoxazole and epoxycarbamazepine) derived from sulfamethoxazole and carbamazepine transformation, respectively, were detected during the experiment with the highest input concentration.
Institutos Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados Agua, España
Unidad de Sevilla, Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, España
Departamento de Geología, Geografía y Medio Ambiente, Universidad de Alcalá de Henares, España
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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