Using Factor Analysis to Attribute Health Impacts to Particulate Pollution Sources
| Autor: | George M. Hidy, Thomas J. Grahame |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2004 |
| Předmět: |
Health
Toxicology and Mutagenesis Coal combustion products Toxicology Combustion Coal Ash Airborne particle Selenium Apportionment Air Pollution TRACER Mortality Particle Size Vehicle Emissions Air Pollutants Sulfates Particulate pollution Urban Health Environmental engineering Vanadium Carbon United States Coal Environmental science Particulate Matter Factor Analysis Statistical Sulfur Power Plants |
| Zdroj: | Inhalation Toxicology. 16:143-152 |
| ISSN: | 1091-7691 0895-8378 |
| DOI: | 10.1080/08958370490443231 |
| Popis: | Laden et al. (2000) recently reported results of applying factor analysis to data taken in six cities from 1979 to 1988, identifying airborne particle sources potentially affecting daily mortality. These authors sought relationships between source groups and risk measures using source tracer elements, Se (coal combustion), Pb (light-duty motor vehicle sources), and Si (crustal--soil dispersion). Combined data analyses of this kind may overlook the complexity of source contributions, which have common tracer elements. In one of the cities, Boston, for example, the authors found coal combustion was an important source of mortality risk. For the city of Boston, the authors attribute coal combustion largely to distant upwind regional sources. The emphasis on coal combustion is confounded by the presence of major local sources of residual oil combustion, which contribute V, Se, and S (sulfur as sulfate) to the source apportionment. Evaluation of the source identification using single-element tracer analysis indicates that the detailed chemical composition or profile of major local sources needs to be taken into account in these investigations to minimize misclassification of airborne particle sources with potential adverse health effects. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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