Prior exposure to long-day photoperiods alters immune responses and increases susceptibility to parasitic infection in stickleback
| Autor: | Andrew D. C. MacColl, James R. Whiting, Muayad A. Mahmud, Janette E. Bradley |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Male
0106 biological sciences seasonal immune responses medicine.medical_treatment 01 natural sciences Fish Diseases seasonal infection Parasite hosting General Environmental Science photoperiodism 0303 health sciences Ecology stickleback Reproduction Fishes Stickleback General Medicine Adaptation Physiological Smegmamorpha Cytokine Seasons Trematoda General Agricultural and Biological Sciences Research Article endocrine system Photoperiod Zoology Biology Communicable Diseases 010603 evolutionary biology General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology Host-Parasite Interactions 03 medical and health sciences Immune system Immunity host–parasite interactions Parasitic Diseases medicine Animals Humans Gene 030304 developmental biology General Immunology and Microbiology Host (biology) biology.organism_classification Immune System |
| Zdroj: | Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |
| ISSN: | 1471-2954 0962-8452 |
| DOI: | 10.1098/rspb.2020.1017 |
| Popis: | Seasonal disease and parasitic infection are common across organisms, including humans, and there is increasing evidence for intrinsic seasonal variation in immune systems. Changes are orchestrated through organisms' physiological clocks using cues such as day length. Ample research in diverse taxa has demonstrated multiple immune responses are modulated by photoperiod, but to date, there have been few experimental demonstrations that photoperiod cues alter susceptibility to infection. We investigated the interactions among photoperiod history, immunity and susceptibility in laboratory-bred three-spined stickleback (a long-day breeding fish) and its external, directly reproducing monogenean parasiteGyrodactylus gasterostei. We demonstrate that previous exposure to long-day photoperiods (PLD) increases susceptibility to infection relative to previous exposure to short days (PSD), and modifies the response to infection for the mucin genemuc2and Treg cytokinefoxp3ain skin tissues in an intermediate 12 L : 12 D photoperiod experimental trial. Expression of skinmuc2is reduced in PLD fish, and negatively associated with parasite abundance. We also observe inflammatory gene expression variation associated with natural inter-population variation in resistance, but find that photoperiod modulation of susceptibility is consistent across host populations. Thus, photoperiod modulation of the response to infection is important for host susceptibility, highlighting new mechanisms affecting seasonality of host–parasite interactions. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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