Combining transcriptomics and PBPK modeling indicates a primary role of hypoxia and altered circadian signaling in dichloromethane carcinogenicity in mouse lung and liver
| Autor: | Lynn H. Pottenger, Daniel C. Kemp, Salil N. Pendse, James S. Bus, Darol E. Dodd, Harvey J. Clewell, Melvin E. Andersen, Michael B. Black, Jerry L. Campbell, Patrick D. McMullen |
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| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
medicine.medical_specialty Circadian clock Mice Inbred Strains Biology Toxicology Mice 03 medical and health sciences Internal medicine medicine Animals Pharmacokinetics Circadian rhythm Hypoxia Lung Carcinogen Pharmacology Inhalation Exposure Methylene Chloride Dose-Response Relationship Drug NPAS2 Hypoxia (medical) Circadian Rhythm ARNTL PER3 030104 developmental biology Endocrinology Carboxyhemoglobin Gene Expression Regulation Liver Female Organelle biogenesis medicine.symptom Transcriptome Transcription Factors |
| Zdroj: | Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. 332:149-158 |
| ISSN: | 0041-008X |
| Popis: | Dichloromethane (DCM) is a lung and liver carcinogen in mice at inhalation exposures ≥ 2000 ppm. The modes of action (MOA) of these responses have been attributed to formation of genotoxic, reactive metabolite(s). Here, we examined gene expression in lung and liver from female B6C3F1 mice exposed to 0, 100, 500, 2000, 3000 and 4000 ppm DCM for 90 days. We also simulated dose measures - rates of DCM oxidation to carbon monoxide (CO) in lung and liver and expected blood carboxyhemoglobin (HbCO) time courses with a PBPK model inclusive of both conjugation and oxidation pathways. Expression of large numbers of genes was altered at 100 ppm with maximal changes in the numbers occurring by 500 or 2000 ppm. Most changes in genes common to the two tissues were related to cellular metabolism and circadian clock. At the lower concentrations, the changes in metabolism-related genes were discordant – up in liver and down in lung. These processes included organelle biogenesis, TCA cycle, and respiratory electron transport. Changes in circadian cycle genes – primarily transcription factors - showed strong concentration-related response at higher concentrations (Arntl, Npas2, and Clock were down-regulated; Cry2, Wee1, Bhlhe40, Per3, Nr1d1, Nr1d2 and Dbp) were up-regulated with similar directionality in both tissues. Overall, persistently elevated HbCO from DCM oxidation appears to cause extended periods of hypoxia, leading to altered circadian coupling to cellular metabolism. The dose response for altered circadian processes correlates with the cancer outcome. We found no evidence of changes in genes indicative of responses to cytotoxic, DNA-reactive metabolites. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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