Ethanol intake increases galanin mRNA in the hypothalamus and withdrawal decreases it
| Autor: | Nicole M. Avena, Sarah F. Leibowitz, David T. Chau, Guo-Qing Chang, Olga Karatayev, Bartley G. Hoebel |
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| Rok vydání: | 2003 |
| Předmět: |
Male
medicine.medical_specialty Alcohol Drinking Lateral hypothalamus Dopamine Hypothalamus Neuropeptide Galanin Experimental and Cognitive Psychology Stimulation Nucleus accumbens Nucleus Accumbens Rats Sprague-Dawley Behavioral Neuroscience chemistry.chemical_compound Internal medicine medicine Animals RNA Messenger Brain Mapping Ethanol Neuropeptide Y receptor Rats Substance Withdrawal Syndrome Alcoholism Endocrinology Gene Expression Regulation chemistry Female |
| Zdroj: | Physiology & Behavior. 79:103-111 |
| ISSN: | 0031-9384 |
| Popis: | Alcoholism can be viewed as a motivational disorder that results from alterations in brain systems for ingestive behavior. Therefore, it was hypothesized that alcohol intake might alter the expression of hypothalamic peptides that stimulate feeding. Earlier studies showed that hypothalamic injection of the feeding-stimulatory peptide, galanin (GAL), increases the release of dopamine (DA) in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), as does systemic alcohol, leading to a focus on GAL. Results of this study demonstrate the following: (1). Ethanol, injected daily (0.8 g/kg 10% v/v) for 7 days in male rats, markedly increased the expression of GAL but not of neuropeptide Y (NPY). This occurred in specific hypothalamic nuclei, namely the dorsomedial nucleus (DMN), paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and perifornical lateral hypothalamus (PLH). (2). Rats induced to drink ethanol ad libitum, by gradually increasing the concentration from 1% to 9% v/v without adding sugar or flavoring, exhibited a similar stimulation of GAL mRNA in the PVN and GAL immunoreactivity in the DMN and PVN. (3). Rats given increasing ethanol concentrations, with 12 h access starting 4 h into the dark cycle, had a mean blood alcohol concentration of 18 mg/dl and exhibited a similar increase in GAL expression in the DMN and PVN. (4) Withdrawal from the opioid effects of 9% ethanol, produced by injection of naloxone (3 mg/kg sc), reversed this ethanol effect by significantly reducing GAL expression in the DMN and PLH below baseline levels. These studies suggest a possible role for hypothalamic GAL in alcohol abuse. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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