Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in commercially available biosolid-based products: The effect of treatment processes
| Autor: | Rooney Kim Lazcano, Linda S. Lee, Chloé de Perre, Michael L. Mashtare |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Biosolids
02 engineering and technology 010501 environmental sciences 01 natural sciences chemistry.chemical_compound 020401 chemical engineering Tandem Mass Spectrometry Environmental Chemistry 0204 chemical engineering Fluorotelomer Waste Management and Disposal 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Water Science and Technology Fluorocarbons Ecological Modeling Sorption Thermal hydrolysis Phosphate Pollution Dilution chemistry Environmental chemistry Sludge Water Pollutants Chemical Chromatography Liquid Environmental Monitoring |
| Zdroj: | Water environment research : a research publication of the Water Environment FederationReferences. 91(12) |
| ISSN: | 1554-7531 |
| Popis: | Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been used in a variety of consumer and industrial products and are known to accumulate in sewage sludge due to sorption and their recalcitrant nature. Treatment processes ensure safe and high-quality biosolids by reducing the potential for adverse environmental impacts such as pathogen levels; however, they have yet to be evaluated for their impact on the fate of PFAS. The objective of this study was to compare PFAS concentrations in four commercially available biosolid-based products that received different types of treatments: heat treatment, composting, blending, and thermal hydrolysis. Seventeen perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) were quantified using liquid chromatography with tandem quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry followed by screening for 30 PFAA precursors. Treatment processes did not reduce PFAA loads except for blending, which served only to dilute concentrations. Several PFAA precursors were identified with 6:2 and 8:2 fluorotelomer phosphate diesters in all samples pre- and post-treatment. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Heat treatment and composting increased perfluoroalkyl acid (PFAA) concentrations. Only dilution from blending with non-PFAS material decreased PFAA concentrations. Thermal hydrolysis process had no apparent effect on PFAA concentrations. PFAS sources are a greater driver of PFAS loads in biosolid-based products than treatment processes. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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