Organogenesis and distribution of the ocular lymphatic vessels in the anterior eye
| Autor: | Alexander Wong, Desmond Chin, Alex S. Huang, Martin Heur, James C. Tan, Il-Taeg Cho, Eunkyung Park, Masatsugu Ema, George Daghlian, Luping Zhao, Saren Daghlian, Sandy Zhang-Nunes, Eunson Jung, Young-Kwon Hong, Tina T. Wong, Khoa Bui, Patill T Daghlian, Dongwon Choi, Kin Li, Young Jin Seong, Yifan Wu, Shrimika Madhavan |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
medicine.medical_specialty Intraocular pressure genetic structures medicine.medical_treatment Organogenesis Glaucoma Mice Transgenic Aqueous Humor Lymphatic System Rats Sprague-Dawley 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Ophthalmology Cornea medicine Glaucoma surgery Lymphatic vessel Trabeculectomy Animals Canthus Intraocular Pressure Lymphatic Vessels business.industry General Medicine medicine.disease eye diseases 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure Lymphatic system 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis sense organs business Conjunctiva Research Article |
| Zdroj: | JCI Insight |
| Popis: | Glaucoma surgeries, such as trabeculectomy, are performed to lower intraocular pressure to reduce risk of vision loss. These surgeries create a new passage in the eye that reroutes the aqueous humor outflow to the subconjunctival space, where the fluid is presumably absorbed by the conjunctival lymphatics. Here, we characterized the development and function of the ocular lymphatics using transgenic lymphatic reporter mice and rats. We found that the limbal and conjunctival lymphatic networks are progressively formed from a primary lymphatic vessel that grows from the nasal-side medial canthus region at birth. This primary lymphatic vessel immediately branches out, invades the limbus and conjunctiva, and bidirectionally encircles the cornea. As a result, the distribution of the ocular lymphatics is significantly polarized toward the nasal side, and the limbal lymphatics are directly connected to the conjunctival lymphatics. New lymphatic sprouts are produced mainly from the nasal-side limbal lymphatics, posing the nasal side of the eye as more responsive to fluid drainage and inflammatory stimuli. Consistent with this polarized distribution of the ocular lymphatics, a higher drainage efficiency was observed in the nasal side than the temporal side of the eye when injected with a fluorescent tracer. In contrast, blood vessels are evenly distributed at the anterior surface of the eyes. Also, we found that these distinct vascular distribution patterns were conserved in human eyes. Together, our study demonstrated that the ocular surface lymphatics are more densely present in the nasal side and uncovered the potential clinical benefits in selecting the nasal side as a glaucoma surgery site to improve fluid drainage. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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